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- W134883344 abstract "Since the first qualitative descriptions by Ehrlich (1885, 1902) and then Goldman (1913), numerous in vivo studies established a foundation from which in vitro studies have expanded our understanding of blood-brain barrier development and function. Oldendorf (1971) pioneered the application of intracarotid injection single-pass techniques in defining the unique transport properties of cerebral capillaries in vivo. The ultrastructural studies of Reese and Karnovsky (1967) and Brightman and Reese (1969) localized the diffusion barrier to the microvascular endothelial cells and the quail-chick chimera studies of Stewart and Wiley (1981) addressed the importance of endothelial interactions with brain parenchyma in the expression of the barrier phenotype. Recent developments in the isolation of metabolically active barrier microvessels and the culture of their constituent cell types have allowed us to experimentally address questions in vitro that are difficult or impossible to answer in vivo. For instance, in vitro studies support what had been a reasonable assumption that the extraction by brain of substances injected into the carotid artery represented transport properties of endothelium within the cerebral microvasculature. Studies of isolated brain microvessels which access the abluminal vessel surface led to descriptions of novel asymmetric abluminal endothelial transport systems. Likewise, studies using isolated retinal microvessels demonstrate endothelial contributions to the blood-retinal barrier since both microvessels and pigmented epithelium constitute this barrier in vivo.KeywordsMicrovascular Endothelial CellNeutral Amino AcidBrain MicrovesselsLarge Neutral Amino AcidReconstituted Basement MembraneThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves." @default.
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- W134883344 date "1992-01-01" @default.
- W134883344 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W134883344 title "The Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro and in Culture" @default.
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- W134883344 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76894-1_17" @default.
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