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- W136744794 abstract "The objective of this work was to determine the changes which occurred in the catalyst during Two-Stage Liquefaction (TSL) process runs. The procedure consisted of characterizing the fresh catalyst and used catalyst samples from run 2LCF23, which showed severe deactivation, and comparing the results. This run used a 70/30 volume % ratio of Kerr-McGee deashed SRC-I from Kentucky No. 9 coal and prehydrogenated Koppers creosote oil. The catalyst was modified Shell 324 and the catalyst age attained during this 22 day run was approx. 400 lbs 850/sup 0/F+/lb catalyst. Results of the catalyst analyses showed that the organic content of the second reactor catalyst was significantly higher than the first reactor catalyst (22 wt % versus 18 wt %), whereas the catalyst from the first reactor had a higher Fe + Ti content than the second (5.2 wt % versus 1.8 wt %). An analysis of the catalyst samples by scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of a pyrrhotite crust on the first reactor catalyst and showed that the iron and titanium contaminants were concentrated in the outer region of the catalyst pellets. The organic deposit appeared to have a greater effect than contaminant metals on the decrease in surfacemore » area of the used catalysts. Comparison of these results with previously reported TSL catalyst data shows that the high metals content in the sample from the first reactor and the high organic content of the second reactor catalyst are common occurrences in TSL runs. The presence of the pyrrhotite crust deposit may be a main cause of the severe catalyst deactivation in run 2LCF23.« less" @default.
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- W136744794 date "1983-09-01" @default.
- W136744794 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
- W136744794 title "Characterization of used catalysts from the Two-Stage Liquefaction process" @default.
- W136744794 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
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