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- W136770445 abstract "The shape of each time-history curve of postglacial downcutting by five New Zealand rivers resembles an error function (erf). The curves are divisible into three phases of degradation. Downcutting began slowly after aggradation culminated, and only 20-25% of the total downcutting was accomplished in the first half of the postglacial period. Downcutting accelerated in the middle Holocene, accounting for 60% of the total in only 20-25% of the postglacial time. The rate of downcutting decayed in the late Holocene, at some sites matching regional uplift rates during the last 2-3 ka. The amounts and rates of downcutting vary by up to an order of magnitude among sites, in contrast to the similar shapes of the downcutting curves. Total postglacial downcutting at sites on the Branch, Buller, Charwell, Grey, and Saxton rivers has been 21, 32, 75, 30, and 19 m respectively. Downcutting rates were determined by measuring heights of river terraces above present stream level and estimating ages of the terrace surfaces principally from thickness of weathering rinds and rates of soil development. The average downcutting rates since the end of aggradation, which are functions of the amount of aggradation, tectonic uplift rates, and hydrologic characteristics of the drainage basin,more » range from 1.2 m/ka at Branch River to 5.4 m/ka at Charwell River. The maximum downcutting rates during the middle Holocene range from 4 m/ka at Saxton to 40 m/ka at Charwell.« less" @default.
- W136770445 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W136770445 date "1985-01-01" @default.
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- W136770445 title "Postglacial downcutting by New Zealand Rivers" @default.
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