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- W13729140 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter discusses regulatory cascades to express nitrogenases in detail. It focuses on proteobacteria, before the situation for selected nonproteobacterial species are briefly described. The description within the proteobacteria is confined to free-living diazotrophic bacteria, because species that fix N2 either in symbiosis or association with plants is covered elsewhere. Logically, the expression of nitrogenase is inhibited by NH4 in all free-living diazotrophs analyzed so far. Therefore, in this review, NH4 regulation of N2 fixation is the center of attention. The second level of regulation affects the activity of NifA. At this level, the transcriptional activity of the NifA protein is modulated by the N status as well as by the redox status. Different mechanisms of NifA regulation have been evolved in various phylogenetic lineages. In addition to the control of N2 fixation, the PII proteins also coordinate the other aspects of N-assimilation, like the control of GS. The PII paralogues GlnB and GlnK can substitute for each other in various (but not all) aspects. Transcriptional control of the nifA gene represents the first level of the regulatory cascade in diazotrophic proteobacteria. The NifA protein is the central regulator of N2 fixation, which activates the transcription of all the other nif genes in proteobacteria. While the transcriptional control of the nifA gene constitutes the first level of the regulatory cascade to express nitrogenase, the control of the activity of the NifA protein itself forms the second level." @default.
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- W13729140 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W13729140 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W13729140 title "Regulatory Cascades To Express Nitrogenases" @default.
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- W13729140 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-044452857-5.50010-2" @default.
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