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• W137358500 abstract "The Balkan War in 1990's created a historical actuality where one could investigate construction of national identity. For purpose of this article, how Croats defined themselves and their Croatness will be examined. The sources used for this article come from twenty-five hours of taped interviews conducted during winter of 1992-1993 in Croatia. The interviews in their entirety can be found in The Golden Apple: War and Democracy in Croatia and Bosnia, (1) published by East European Monographs in 1996. The interviews created a forum for sources to comment on their understanding of historical events unfolding around them. Seldom are non-governmental, non-experts and non-official spokesmen--lay people--allowed to comment in substantive way on nature of things. Their understanding of events that surround them are not privileged by a vast majority of traditional academic historians, hence their views are rendered as marginal to production of history. One function of this article is to address this imbalance in writing of history by providing a forum for individuals who are otherwise relegated to a marginalized genre, as viewed by most traditional historians, known as oral history. Traditional historians' reliance on primary written sources tends to validate views of social elites. One could argue that any historical study investigating construction of national identity cannot marginalize people that imagine themselves as part of a nation. The understanding of an imagined nation by vast majority becomes more important than imagined nation by a minority of elites. By using government officials', economic elites' and intellectuals' primary written sources, the resulting meanings, now mediated, acquire an eerie substance in real world, standing outside their ostensible makers [the non-elites that constitute vast majority of society] and confronting them as an alien force. (2) Many historians have focused on how nation-state has been constructed. Ernest Renan's lecture, entitled What is a Nation, delivered at Sorbonne in 1882, is still used by many scholars as a starting point to discuss what elements constitute a nation. For purpose of this article we have also used Renan's fundamental elements of what constitutes a nation and how it compares to comments made by our sources in their understanding of Croatian national identity. These elements are: dynastic precedence, national right, race, language, religion, geography and military necessity. (3) Our sources, interestingly enough, did not raise Croatian dynastic precedence as an issue in defining Croatian nation. Rather than referring to a Croatian dynastic precedence, our sources internalized important connectedness to a dynastic empire, specifically to Austro-Hungarian Empire. Connecting Croatia's history to a dynastic empire constructs notion that Croatia belongs to European family of nations--a cultural development which denies historical influence of Ottoman Empire. Our sources internalized an ethnocentric world image dividing world into ourselves and others. One interviewee named Kazimir, a land surveyor and former mayor of Jastrebarsko, stated: Throughout Balkan Peninsula there have been many wars. The Avars from Asia settled here and were stopped in Croatia. The next series of wars were part of an anti-Turkish movement in Central Europe. Croatia was under tutelage of Austro-Hungarian Empire and thus had always remained bulwark of Western culture.... Historically Croatians defended Western [European] civilization and culture. Then current mayor of Jastrebarseko, Vladimir, also invoked this notion of Croatia being part of Western Europe by stating: Throughout history, Croatian territory was under domination of Western Europe. …" @default.
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• W137358500 date "2004-12-22" @default.
• W137358500 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W137358500 title "Imagining the Croatian Nation" @default.
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