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• W137659853 abstract "Experiments were performed in cats in order to establish whether the postural adjustments which accompany limb movements induced by motor cortex stimulation share the same efferent pathways as the postural reflexes elicited by labyrinth and neck afferent volleys, which act on neurons of the lateral vestibulospinal pathway either directly or through the precerebellar LRN and the cerebellar loop. The limb movements induced by cortical stimulation are accompanied by postural adjustments occurring at the same time as or slightly before the movement itself and are therefore clearly different both from postural 'preparations (which cannot occur under these conditions) and from postural reactions (which are reflexly triggered). The postural responses were studied in unrestrained, unanaesthetized cats by analysing the vertical forces exerted under the limbs and were found to be characterized by a diagonal pattern, i.e. a decrease in the vertical force exerted under the limb diagonally opposite to the moving limb and an increase in the force under the other two limbs. Unilateral neck deafferentation and unilateral lesion of the LRN had very similar effects on both postural tonus and postural adjustments. In both instances a postural asymmetry occurred, which was characterized by ipsilateral hypertonia and contralateral hypotonia of the limb extensor musculature. The threshold values of cortical stimulation inducing limb flexion movements increased on the hypertonic side (ipsilateral to the lesions) and decreased on the hypotonic side. The force variations decreased in amplitude and speed when the performing limb was ipsilateral to the hypertonic side, while the opposite occurred when the other side of the motor cortex was stimulated. Finally, the slopes of the response curves (representing the absolute values of the force variations as a function of the stimulus strength expressed in multiples of the threshold) were analysed before and after the lesions. With both kinds of lesions, the slope of the response curve of all four limbs decreased when the performing limb was ipsilateral to the hypertonic side, but increased if it was ipsilateral to the hypotonic side. Besides these findings, several experimental results indicate that cortical influences may be exerted on the lateral vestibujar nucleus of Deiters via the LRN, i.e. the same precerebellar structure which is involved in the postural reactions originating from labyrinth and neck receptors. Experiments of monitoring the unit activity of lateral vestibulospinal neurons during cortical movements are required to find out whether Deiters' nucleus is directly involved in the postural adjustments which accompany the limb flexion induced by motor cortex stimulation." @default.
• W137659853 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W137659853 date "1988-01-01" @default.
• W137659853 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W137659853 title "Chapter 16 Neck influences on posturokinetic responses to cortical stimulation" @default.
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• W137659853 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64504-5" @default.
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