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• W140836812 abstract "The behavioral and cognitive differences among sexually abused children were investigated. A total of 19 Child Behavior Checklists were evaluated for distinguishing factors on the Internalizing, Externalizing, Attention Problems, and Thought Problems scales. First, the subjects were placed into two groups, those who had been victims of sexual abuse (SA) and those who had been victims of SA plus Other maltreatment (e.g., neglect, physical abuse, etc.). Only three subjects were found to be in the SA plus Other maltreatment group, so three subjects from the SA only group were selected for comparison based on age and sex. All were females and each group had an average age of 8.3. The Attention Problems scale was found to be statistically significant for those with the SA plus Other group. Second, of the 16 subjects in the SA group, two subgroups were formed using age as the independent variable. To look at groups having similar life experiences, the two youngest (ages 4 and 5) and the two oldest (ages 1~ and 17) were excluded. Thus, the two groups were those aged 8-11 and those aged 12-15. The Thought Problems scale was discovered to be statistically significant for those aged 8-11. 3 Behavior & Maltreatment Behavioral Comparisons of Maltreated Children Although much research has been accomplished regarding the common behavioral characteristics of maltreated children, most research does not distinguish the specific type of abuse (e.g., Hecht, Foster, Dunn, Williams, Anderson, & Pulbratek, 1986; Kravic, 1987; Salzinger, Kaplan, Pelcovitz, Samit, & Krieger, 1984). A recent literature review, performed by Conaway and Hansen (1989), revealed 23 investigations into the social behavior of physically abused (PA) and neglected (N) children. Of those 23 investigations, none compared or contrasted the behaviors of children who were sexually abused (SA) with those who were PA or N. Although one research (viz., Salzinger et al., 1984) did include victims of SA, and, even though some subjects had been exposed to more than one type of maltreatment, SA was not distinguished from PA or N in the actual data analysis. Ney, Moore, McPhee, and Trought (1986) did distinguish between physical abuse (PA: hits, shakes, burns, etc.), verbal abuse (VA: criticism, blaming, humiliating), physical neglect (PN: insufficient food, clothing, shelter), emotional neglect (EN: avoidance, lack of recreation or education), and sexual abuse (SA: 4 Behavior & Maltreatment exposure, titillation, incest, etc.) when he investigated maltreated children's perspectives on the severity, frequency and duration of abuse or neglect. He found that children who were victims of PA, VA, or SA blamed themselves for mild mistreatment. Also, children who had been exposed to VA and SA even blamed themselves for severe mistreatment. Although Ney was less specific on children who had been neglected, he indicated that these children were more likely to blame themselves than someone else for their mistreatment. Since Ney used the assessment of abuse or neglect by parents, children, and hospital staff, it is important to note (for the purpose of this study) that, although the tendency for agreement was not as great for EN or VA, inter rater agreement was significant on the extent to which the child was a victim of PA or SA. Many researchers have used the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) created by Achenbach and Edelbrock (1982, 1983) as a parent rating instrument. The CBCL has reliably measured social competence and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems of maltreated children (e.g., Jaffe, Wolfe, Wilson, & Zak, 1986; Salzinger et al., 1984; Tong, Oates, & McDowell, 1987; Wodarski, Kurtz, Gaudin, & Howing, 1990; Wolf, Jaffe, Wilson, & Zak, 1985). Furthermore, some of 5 Behavior & Maltreatment these same researchers used subjects from battered women's shelters (e.g., Jaffe et al., 1986; Wolfe et al., 1985), as had been originally intended in the current study. Jaffe et al. (1986) compared boys who had been PA to boys who had witnessed violence between their parents. Although no group differences in social competence were found, Jaffe discovered that PA boys and those who had witnessed parental violence had significantly more internalizing behavior problems than the control subjects. Consequently, PA boys demonstrated significantly more externalizing symptoms than the exposed-to-violence boys, who in turn exhibited significantly more externalizing symptoms than the control group. Wolfe et al. (1985), however, compared the behavior of children of battered women to family violence and maternal stress. He failed to discriminate between children who only observed the violence with children who were themselves PA, SA, or N. Wolfe reported that children were more likely to fall in the clinical range, as opposed to the adjusted range of the Child Behavior Profile (CBP; Achenbach & Edelbrock, 1982) if they were boys, if they were exposed to a higher frequency and intensity of physical 6 Behavior & Maltreatment violence, and if their mothers were more stressed (i.e., had more negative life events over the past" @default.
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• W140836812 title "Behavioral Comparisons of Maltreated Children" @default.
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