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- W141986715 abstract "Financial instruments are bought and sold at a financial market. Marketmakers at a financial market act as intermediaries between the buyer andthe seller of the financial instrument. Market makers have the power toquote the bid price and the ask price. This price-setting process is calledmarket-making. With market maker models this price-setting proces of themarket maker is studied. To create liquidity in the market the market makermust trade immediately if an order arrives. The market maker bears riskbecause he does not have optimal portfolios. To protect himself againstthe losses he quotes the ask price higher than the bid price. The differencebetween the bid price and the ask price is called the bid-ask spread. Themain causes of emergence of bid-ask spread are the fixed costs, the inventorycosts and the adverse selection costs. Fixed costs are costs arising fromorder execution. Inventory costs arise from holding securities in inventory.Adverse selection costs arise from trading with traders who have superiorinformation. In early financial literature the bid-ask spread is modelledwith a regression model. Later market makers models are used to studythe price setting mechanism of the market maker. There are two typesof market makers models: inventory-based models and information-basedmodels. In inventory-based models the behaviour of the market maker asinventory-holder and the inventory cost are studied. In information-basedmodels the adverse selection problem between the market maker and theinformed trader is studied. The informed trader has superior informationthan the market maker, which is why the market maker has adverse selectioncost if he trades with the informed trader. Two examples of informationbased models are the model of Glosten and Milgrom and the Das marketmaker's model. The market maker of Glosten and Milgrom uses Baysianlearning to learn the fundamental value of the underlying security. Themarket maker of Das expands the Glosten and Milgrom model by keepinga probabilistic density distribution of the fundamental value. We studythe market maker's behaviour with a linear pricing strategy and introducea market maker with bid-ask spread location detection and fundamentalvalue approximation capability. We compare the Das market maker withour market maker with the mean of bid-ask spreads method and the sum ofdifferences between the fundamental value and the bid and ask price method." @default.
- W141986715 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W141986715 creator A5056203994 @default.
- W141986715 date "2012-01-12" @default.
- W141986715 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W141986715 title "A new model of a market maker" @default.
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