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• W142044268 abstract "Abstract Diterpenoid alkaloids were examined for their peripheral vasoactivities by measuring the cutaneous blood flow in the hind foot of mice laser-flowmetrically after intravenous administration. Kobusine (6), pseudokobusine (7), luciculine (10), 1-acetylluciculine (17), and dehydroluciculine (18) caused a rapid increase in blood flow reaching a peak almost equivalent to that produced by hydralazine, when administered intravenously at the same dose level of 20 mg/kg. Five kobusine derivatives (32, 33, 34, 37, 38) were significantly effective at a low dose of 0.5 or 0.05 mg/kg. The effects of three pseudokobusine derivatives (52, 55, 58) at 0.1 mg/kg were particularly notable. It was postulated that the hydroxy groups of these alkaloids, especially the free OH group at C-6 of 7, are important for action on the peripheral vasculature leading to dilation. The results also indicated that esterification of the hydroxy group at C-15 with anisoate, veratroate, or p-nitrobenzoate may contribute to enhanced activity compared with the parent alkaloids. Moreover, diterpenoid alkaloids were examined for their cytotoxic effects against human tumor cell lines, A172, A549, HeLa, and Raji, by cell growth and clonogenic assays, as well as effects on cell cycle distribution and cell cycle-related molecules. Radiation sensitizing effects were also investigated for various types of novel derivatives of diterpenoid alkaloids. 11-Anisoylpseudokobusine (51) also exhibited radiosensitizing properties on A549 cells. Seven pseudokobusine derivatives (48, 51, 54, 57, 95, 98, 103) and three kobusine derivatives (97, 107, 110) were found to be the most potent cytotoxic derivatives against human tumor cell lines. These acylated alkaloid derivatives inhibited cell growth through G1 arrest in A549 cells as well as inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, induced enhanced phosphoinositide 3 kinase phosphorylation, and led to the subsequent accumulation of G1 and/or G1 phase in Raji cells. The identity of the acyl group had varying effects. Anisoate esters were generally found to be more potent than the other esters tested. These discoveries may lead to the development of new specific antitumor compounds with an optimal balance between the antitumor effects and myelosuppression from atisine-type structures." @default.
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• W142044268 date "2012-01-01" @default.
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• W142044268 title "Chemistry and Biological Activity of Diterpenoid Alkaloids" @default.
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