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- W1424887534 abstract "The (p)ppGpp nucleotides act as global transcriptional regulators by modulating directly or indirectly RNA polymerase (RNAP) activity. The major consequences are the immediate arrest of ribosome biogenesis and cell growth and the activation of stress survival genes. This chapter presents two points that are presented in two separate main sections. The first part reviews the current knowledge on the functioning of RelA/SpoT enzymes and how (p) ppGpp levels are controlled in the cell. The second part shows the role of (p)ppGpp in controlling the balance between growth and survival, first by describing its mode of action on RNAP and other enzymes and then by describing its global effects on the physiology of bacteria (from growth control to pathogenicity). The mechanism of rRNA transcription inhibition by (p)ppGpp is one of the most studied and rRNA promoters constitute the archetype of stringently inhibited promoters. In B. subtilis, it is the elongation itself that is controlled by (p)ppGpp because the replication forks are arrested during the stringent response. This arrest is caused by direct inhibition of the primase by (p)ppGpp, arresting the replication fork at any location when the stringent response occurs." @default.
- W1424887534 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1424887534 creator A5028981049 @default.
- W1424887534 creator A5054132773 @default.
- W1424887534 date "2014-04-09" @default.
- W1424887534 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1424887534 title "The Stringent Response" @default.
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