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- W1428714033 abstract "Ceramides are the lipid backbones of sphingomyelin, ceramide phosphoinositides, and other glycosphingolipids. They are composed of a long-chain (sphingoid) base with an amide-linked fatty acid. Sphingosine (trans-4-sphingenine) is the major long-chain base of most sphingolipids, but lesser amounts of other chain length homologs, dihydrosphingosines (sphinganines), and 4-hydroxysphinganines (phytosphinganines) are also found. The amide-linked fatty acids of ceramides typically have alkyl chain lengths from 16 to 24 carbon atoms (unbranched); small percentages are branched or monounsaturated, but α-hydroxy fatty acids are common in some sphingolipid subclasses. An overall scheme for ceramide biosynthesis is discussed and assays for each of the three enzymes of this pathway are described in this chapter. Ceramide synthesis occurs very fast in vivo because very low amounts of free long-chain bases occur as intermediates in sphingolipid biosynthesis. This may be advantageous as sphingosine and other long-chain bases are very bioactive compounds that inhibit protein kinase C, activate the epithelial growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase, and affect diverse other systems in cells." @default.
- W1428714033 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1428714033 creator A5002672605 @default.
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- W1428714033 date "1992-01-01" @default.
- W1428714033 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W1428714033 title "[51] Enzymes of ceramide biosynthesis" @default.
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- W1428714033 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(92)09053-6" @default.
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