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- W1437735659 abstract "The Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project provided the first comprehensive status report on the condition and history of natural resources of this mountain region (Centers for Water and Wildland Resources 1996). The report concluded that aquatic habitats were the most altered and impaired ecosystems, after exposure of Sierra watersheds to 150 years of landscape changes resulting from activities such as hydraulic mining, damming and diversions of streams, road building, livestock overgrazing, timber harvest, hard-rock mining, and introductions of exotic species. Continued assessment of watershed conditions is needed to identify problem areas, follow trends, establish standards, and document the effectiveness of restoration actions. Among the most promising biological tools for such monitoring needs is the use of aquatic insects as indicators of habitat and water quality. Watersheds provide an organizing unit for defining local and cumulative effects of landscape alterations and for planning management and conservation. This paper provides an outline of the use of aquatic invertebrate monitoring in guiding watershed management. A summary of aquatic invertebrate status in the SNEP report (Erman 1996) found that the invertebrate fauna was known primarily from geographically localized studies, special habitats, or taxonomically limited surveys of particular faunal groups (such as stoneflies). In addition, the inventory of the known aquatic insects from the Sierra Nevada showed a high proportion of endemics, including such groups as stoneflies (25 percent) and caddisflies (19 percent), whereas most other groups had received only limited survey attention. The SNEP report also classified the aquatic environments of the Sierra Nevada (Moyle 1996a), scored the biological health of watersheds (Moyle and Randall 1996), and presented a strategy for conservation of aquatic biodiversity (Moyle 1996b). Some 66 aquatic habitat types were identified in the Sierra Nevada, including standing and flowing waters in west- slope and east-slope geographic provinces. Declines in aquatic biodiversity were documented using data that indicate decreasing range, abundance, or even extinction of more than half the 70 species of native amphibians and fish. These declines were attributed to the loss and impairment of habitat, especially lowland habitats, such as terminal lakes and desert springs, and along many impounded streams at lower elevations. The number and proportion of native aquatic vertebrates and absence of dams, reservoirs, and roads were used to measure biotic integrity of watersheds, rank watershed health, and identify aquatic diversity management areas (ADMAs) for conservation." @default.
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- W1437735659 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W1437735659 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1437735659 title "Establishing reference conditions for streams and measuring ecological responses to management actions using aquatic invertebrate biological assessments" @default.
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