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- W143778171 abstract "This process research was initiated to provide a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the processes occurring in preheaters or short residence time reactors. Studies in the past year included isothermal reactions at short residence times (20 to 480 s) to provide insight into the early reaction kinetics. Coal slurries undergo complex chemical and physical changes in preheaters. Thus, the preheater must be considered a short residence time reactor. A preliminary empirical model of preheater reactions can be developed using the results of this work and literature data, primarily the work of Whitehurst and the operational data of Styles, Weber, and Basu. Time and temperature ranges mentioned in the model will, of course, vary with the coal and solvent; the model is expected to be representative of most coal liquefaction systems. To provide realistic design, understand operational control problems and minimize coking, the coupled heat transfer - chemical kinetics - physical changes must be defined in the early reaction stages. This requires definition of actual flow regime and true residence times for liquid, solid, and gas phases. Kinetic data without definition of flow regimes and residence times is of limited value and does not provide needed design data.Titanium diboride coatings onmore » valve stems have shown outstanding resistance to erosion in the preheater studies discussed here and in other tests. Further testing in commercial or larger scale operation is warranted to identify advantages and limitations of this coating.« less" @default.
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- W143778171 date "1979-05-01" @default.
- W143778171 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W143778171 title "Preheater studies in coal liquefaction, Project 8012. Annual report, October 1977--September 1978" @default.
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