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- W144258132 abstract "DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is the process that corrects misincorporation errors introduced by DNA polymerases during replication. MMR is also associated with other biological processes such as the suppression of recombination between partially homologous sequences (homeologous recombination) and DNA-damage signaling. Mutations of the human MMR genes are the cause of Lynch syndrome, also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (LS/HNPCC). The detailed mechanism of MMR components in these biological processes remains enigmatic. MMR that is coupled to replication is an excision-resynthesis reaction. It is initiated at a distant strand scission that is 100's to 1000's of bp from the mismatch and the excision tract extends from that strand scission to just past the mismatch. MutS and MutL are unique core components of MMR that recognize a mismatch and initiate the excision reaction. Additional components include the replication clamp (β-clamp in prokaryotes and PCNA in eukaryotes), the replication clamp loader (γδδ' in prokaryotes and RFC in eukaryotes), an exonuclease (Exo1, ExoX, RecJ, ExoVII in prokaryotes and EXOI in eukaryotes), and single strand binding protein (SSB in prokaryotes and RPA in eukaryotes). Recently single molecule FRET/Fluorescent Tracking (smFRET/FT) studies have made a significant impact on understanding the MMR process. More extensive future smFRET/FT studies are expected to further detail the MMR mechanism. This review is intended to offer a guide to applying smFRET/FT studies to understand the entire MMR process, by pinpointing key questions and poorly understood phenomena. We summarize recent smFRET/FT results and address major issues in the application of the smFRET/FT system." @default.
- W144258132 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W144258132 creator A5009507664 @default.
- W144258132 creator A5033453546 @default.
- W144258132 creator A5055685901 @default.
- W144258132 creator A5083413142 @default.
- W144258132 date "2013-11-01" @default.
- W144258132 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W144258132 title "Single-molecule FRET Studies on DNA Mismatch Repair" @default.
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