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• W144466647 abstract "A recuperacao do poder central da Russia no governo Putin com uma estrategia de desenvolvimento nacional foi o ponto de partida para uma revisao da politica do Estado diante do setor de energia. O governo aumentou drasticamente a presenca do Estado no setor de energia, e chegou a controlar, no final de 2007, 47% dos ativos, contra menos de 10% em 2000, quando Putin chegara a presidencia. O objetivo central nunca foi, porem, expurgar a iniciativa privada dos negocios, mas reconquistar o controle estatal nos setores estrategicos. A politica de controle majoritario nacional esta inserida no contexto de uma estrategia de desenvolvimento e de uma politica industrial que visa criar campeas nacionais. Esse processo de renacionalizacao parcial passou tambem por um novo patamar de relacionamento com as empresas estrangeiras. Entre agosto de 1998 e setembro de 2008, o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) real da Russia dobrou. O crescimento economico veio acompanhado de aumento da produtividade e dos salarios reais e diminuicao do desemprego e da pobreza. Mesmo assim, a Russia foi um dos paises mais atingidos pela crise financeira global, o que evidenciou dois problemas a serem superados. Em primeiro lugar a predominância das atividades extrativas e, em segundo, o pouco desenvolvimento do sistema financeiro nacional, que provocou uma dependencia muito grande com relacao a entrada de capitais de curto prazo. Ambos expoem o desafio de modernizacao e inovacao da economia russa, e isso exige desenvolver mecanismos para promover uma irradiacao das rendas extraordinarias do setor de energia para os demais setores da economia. The recovery of Russia`s center of power through a national development strategy during the Putin administration was the basis for revising the state`s energy-sector policy. The government drastically increased the role of the state in the energy sector, raising state control over the sector`s assets to as much as 47% in late 2007, up from less than 10% in 2000, when Putin took office. The core objective, however, was never to purge the private sector from this business, but rather to regain state control over strategic sectors. The policy of keeping majority control in national hands is part of a context involving a development strategy and also an industrial policy aimed at creating national champions. This policy of partial re-nationalization also implied new standards in relations with foreign companies. From August 1998 to September 2008, Russia`s real GDP doubled in size. Economic growth was accompanied by gains in productivity and real wages, as well as lower unemployment and poverty levels. Even so, Russia was one of the countries hardest hit by the global financial crisis, thus revealing two outstanding problems: first of all, the pre-eminence of extractive activities and, second, the under-developed national financial system, which provoked a high degree of dependence on the entry of short-term capital. Both factors raise the challenge of modernization and innovation for the Russian economy, and will require the development of mechanisms to promote a greater spread effect from energy to other sectors of the economy. i. The versions in English of the abstracts of this series have not been edited by Ipea`s editorial department. As versoes em lingua inglesa das sinopses (abstracts) desta colecao nao sao objeto de revisao do Editorial do Ipea." @default.
• W144466647 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W144466647 date "2010-02-01" @default.
• W144466647 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W144466647 title "Economia Política de Petróleo e Gás: A Experiência Russa" @default.
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