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• W1446667 abstract "In this thesis a population of koalas, and their habitat, in sub-humid woodlands near Springsure in Central Queensland is described, and the environmental basis of habitat utilisation is discussed.Sixteen female and eighteen male koalas were captured and fitted with radio collars. Eight females and 10 males died during the study. Two females and four males were lost to the study through radio collar failure. Two females undertook dispersal and were located at some distance from Norwood Creek. Koalas were found to range in age from two to seven years and analyses of skulls found in the region indicate that the life expectancy in the Springsure region may be generally less than 10 years. Males were generally bigger than females, with larger heads and greater body weight. Males reached 9.7 kg in weight while females grew to 7.6 kg. Female koalas reached sexual maturity at about two years of age. Males probably matured at about the same age and were generally expelled by dominant males. The breeding season peaked for males from spring to mid-summer with reduced breeding activity in late summer and winter. Breeding activity ceased in autumn. Females seemed to have a more restricted breeding season from late winter to early summer.The home-range of male koalas was significantly larger than the home-range of female koalas. Male home-ranges ranged from 30 ha to 150 ha (mean 80 ha) while female home-ranges ranged from 6 ha to 90 ha (mean 38 ha). Male koalas moved greater distances overnight (mean 206 meters) than female koalas (mean 77 meters). These distances varied seasonally with both male and female koalas tending to move further during the breeding season. The movement of female koalas appeared to be affected by the environment. They often remained in the same tree overnight if the minimum temperature was high or if the monthly rainfall totals were high.On average, both male and female koalas spent about 20.5 hours resting, 1.5 hours feeding, 1.5 hours moving around the tree or on the ground between trees, 14 minutes grooming and 10-13 minutes interacting with other koalas. Both male and female koalas increased activity between 1800 and 0600 hrs but some activity occurred throughout the day. Daytime activity tended to be more pronounced in male rather than female koalas and females tended to have clearly defined peaks in activity between 0400 and 0700 hrs and between 1900 and 2100 hrs. Feeding was nocturnal with less than 20 percent of feeding occurring during daylight hours. Direct observations of feeding activity and faecal pellet analysis confirmed E. tereticornis, E. crebra, E. melanophloia, E. orgadophila, E. citriodora and E. exserta as fodder species. Some species such as Acacia salicina (sally wattle) and Melaleuca bracteata (black teatree) were used only as day-roost trees. The majority of roost-tree (day) sightings of koalas were in E. tereticornis (39.5%) and E. crebra (33.2%). The remaining sightings (approx. 31%) were in 15 other tree species. There was a gender difference however, with female koalas more often seen in E. tereticornis than in E. crebra while the reverse was true for male koalas.Both male and female koalas were highly selective in the tree species they used. The majority of koalas selectivity involved avoidance of the non-eucalypt species and, occasionally, of some eucalypts in the habitat. There was no gender difference in the selectivity. Preference for eucalypts fell into two groups. E. tereticornis and E. orgadophila were equally the most preferred over E. tessellaris, E. melanophloia and E. crebra. This is a significant finding as it contrasts with the observations of tree utilisation and habitat utilisation. Despite male koalas being seen to more frequently use E. crebra and its associated communities than female koalas, they prefer the same species as female koalas. This suggests that habitat utilisation by male koalas is, in part, determined by social interaction.n n n n n n n n n" @default.
• W1446667 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1446667 date "1995-01-01" @default.
• W1446667 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W1446667 title "Aspects of the ecology of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817), in the sub-humid woodlands of central Queensland" @default.
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