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• W14574047 abstract "The electrophysiology of rice (Oryza sativa cv.Calrose) roots has been investigated in both intact and excisedtissues. Mathematical procedures for measuring ion fluxes acrossthe plasmalemma, the tonoplast and the xylem has been developedbased on the Pitman model of ion transport. The mathematicalanalysis has been tested by means of the radioactive tracers. Themethod allows one to estimate ion fluxes in the longitudinal andradial directions and the efflux of ions from the xylem vesselsto the symplast. The movements of K+ ions were followed in thisstudy, using 86Rb as well as 42K.A study has been made of primary roots grownunder the same salt concentration thoughout their life, using amature portion of the root where ionic fluxes are changingrelatively slowly with time. It was found that ion exchangebetween cortical cells in the longitudinal direction was not morethan 5% of the radial transport into the xylem. This was alsotrue when the megnitude of apoplastic transport was compared tothat of symplastic transport, regardless of whether or not theCasparian strip had developed at the endodermal cell walls. Itwas found that the net absorption into this region of the rootfrom the external medium was small. Hence, most of ions whichwere transported into the shoot were from reserves in the cellvacuoles. Consequently, there was a gradual loss of K+ ions fromthe studied portion, suggesting the loss of absorption capabilityof cortical cells after being fully differentiated. There wasalso evidence showing the formation of large air spaces at themature root region. In the transport system, it was found that anappreciable amount of K+ ions in the xylem vessels wasre-absorbed by the cells surrounding them. Re-translocation ofions from the shoot via the phloem to the root was also found inthis study. Most of this transport was found to be to the tipregion rather than to the mature cell region.The application of the Ussing-Teorell equationshowed that there were K+ inward pumps locating at theplasmalemma and at the site of delivery of ions into the xylem.These pumps disappeared in excised root segments. In excised root tips, there appeared to be weak K+ pumps at both sites in the .root.This study also showed that 86Rb can only be asuitable tracer for K+ ions as far as transport into the symplastand into the xylem were concerned. There was a discriminationagainst Rb+ ions at the tonoplast. It was found that accumulationof K+ ions in the vacuole was about 1.8 times greater if 42K wasused as a tracer than if 86RB was used.In an attempt to distinguish the effect ofchanges in the oxygen state of the root medium on transmembranepotentials, it was found that cortical cells depolarized from-132 mV to -122 mV under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, therewas a transient hyperpolarization shortly before thedepolarization took place, which was similar to the effect ofCN- on membrane potentials found by other workers. When DNP wasused as an inhibitor, cells depolarized by about 70 mV. Thispotential change is accounted for by an electrogenic ion pumpcomponent. When roots were excised, cortical cell depolarized.This was followed by a hyperpolarization of cells and accompaniedwith the loss of K+ ions from the excised tissue.No enhancement of uptake of K+ was observed inyoung roots adapted to anaerobic conditions that were transferredto aerobic conditions. The observations by other workers ofenhanced uptake in mature plants was accounted for through theadaptation of a greater secondary root system." @default.
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• W14574047 date "1985-01-01" @default.
• W14574047 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W14574047 title "Electrophysiology of rice roots" @default.
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