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- W146512337 abstract "The history of the discovery of viruses by Ivanovsky, Beijerinck, and Loeffler at the end of the nineteenth century is briefly summarized. When tobacco mosaic virus was crystallized by Stanley in 1935, viruses became fascinating entities because they were viewed as living chemicals that possess the ability to reproduce. The question of whether or not viruses should be regarded as living microorganisms is discussed at length. In order to answer this question, it is necessary to clarify the nature of living systems and organisms. Once this is done, it becomes clear that viruses, although they are biological systems, are not living microorganisms. They do not possess many of the essential attributes of living organisms such as the ability to capture and store free energy and they lack the characteristic autonomy that arises from the presence of integrated, metabolic activities. Viruses do not self-replicate themselves but are being replicated through the metabolic activities of the cells they have infected. A virus becomes part of a living system only after its genome has been integrated into an infected host cell, and it is no more alive than cellular constituents such as genes, organelles, and various macromolecules." @default.
- W146512337 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W146512337 creator A5085260797 @default.
- W146512337 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W146512337 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W146512337 title "Nature of Viruses" @default.
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- W146512337 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012374410-4.00593-8" @default.
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