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- W1483328151 abstract "This chapter describes several methods by which isotopes of uranium and other elements are separated. It presents the calculations on the amount of material that must be processed to obtain nuclear fuel. It also provides estimates of costs. Four methods that depend on differences in mass number are ion motion in a magnetic field, diffusion of particles through a membrane, motion with centrifugal force, and atomic response to a laser beam. The separation of isotopes requires a physical process that depends on mass. In the electromagnetic method, as used in a mass spectrograph, ions to be separated travel in circles of different radii. In the gaseous diffusion process, light molecules of a gas diffuse through a membrane more readily than do heavy molecules. The amount of enrichment in gaseous diffusion depends on the square root of the ratio of the masses and is small per stage, requiring a large number of stages. By the use of material balance equations, the amount of feed can be computed, and by the use of tables of separative work, costs of enriching uranium for reactor fuel can be found. An alternative separation device is the gas centrifuge, in which gases diffuse against the centrifugal forces produced by high speeds of rotation. Laser isotope separation involves the selective excitation of uranium atoms by lasers to produce chemical reactions. Several methods of separating deuterium from ordinary hydrogen are available." @default.
- W1483328151 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1483328151 creator A5089156845 @default.
- W1483328151 date "2009-01-01" @default.
- W1483328151 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1483328151 title "Isotope Separators" @default.
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- W1483328151 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-370547-1.00009-2" @default.
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