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• W1484583221 abstract "Monoamine oxidase (E.C.1.4.3.4) activity in platelets (trbc-MAO) correlates with personality traits such as sensation seeking and impulsiveness. Low trbc-MAO subjects were socially more active, but that they also had more psychiatric disorders and had relatives who were more psychiatrically disturbed than the relatives of the high trbc-MAO subjects. The trbc-MAO activity is characterized by a considerable variability between individuals, whereas, the intraindividual variation of activity over time is low. The only ways of affecting trbc-MAO are short-term physical activity, administration of adrenaline or lithium, vitamin B-12 deficiency (increased activity), smoking, and MAO inhibiting drugs (reduced activity). There is strong genetic influence on trbc-MAO activity, which establishes this enzyme activity of being a genetic marker. The heritability was estimated to be 0.75, both in males and in females. The correlation between trbc-MAO and extraversion- and impulsiveness-related personality traits has been confirmed in numerous studies. Moreover, a correlation between trbc-MAO and outcome scores in computerized neuropsychological tests, such as reaction time, many failed inhibitions, and maze checking time, has been demonstrated. This chapter discusses alcoholism and drug abuse; Type-2 alcoholics are characterized by a strong genetic load for abuse, early age at the debut of alcohol intake, often mixed abuse, and often social complications. This form occurs only in males. Type-1 alcoholics are characterized by low genetic load and late debut of the abuse, as well as by less frequently mixed abuse or social complications. Type-2 alcoholics have exactly the temperament associated with low trbc-MAO. The chapter notes low trbc-MAO has been found in violent criminal offenders as well as in consecutive clients undergoing forensic psychiatric examination. Low trbc-MAO has a high predictive value for continued criminal activity in boys convicted of crime. There is a summarization on the possible mechanisms underlying the connection between trbc-MAO and vital parts of the temperament." @default.
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• W1484583221 date "1997-01-01" @default.
• W1484583221 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1484583221 title "Biological Markers, with Special Regard to Platelet Monoamine Oxidase (trbc-MAO), for Personality and Personality Disorders" @default.
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• W1484583221 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60749-8" @default.
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