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- W1484918835 abstract "The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a persisting problem in modern intensive care medicine, still resulting in a high fatality rate. This chapter presents several studies that have demonstrated that, among the different initial events involved, sepsis and polytrauma represent the major risk factors for the development of this condition. Lung injury is triggered via mechanisms still not fully elucidated. Severe disturbances in pulmonary physiology occur, including a rise of pulmonary vascular resistance and an increase in the permeability of the capillary-endothelial and the alveoloepithelial barrier. These two key alterations result in the formation of protein-rich interstitial and subsequently intraalveolar edema, followed by deterioration of alveolar surfactant function. Mismatch in the adaptation of perfusion and ventilation because of “anarchic” vasoconstriction and vascular occlusion increase in shunt flow because of loss of alveolar spaces (edema, atelectasis), and hindrance of diffusion of gases results in severe deterioration of gas exchange with arterial hypoxemia. This early “exudative” phase of ARDS may then be followed by a protracted “proliferative” phase, with remodeling of lung structure and development of widespread lung fibrosis within a few weeks. Isolated, perfused lungs have long been used by investigators interested in the physiological, biochemical, and metabolic aspects of this complex organ. This technique has also been adopted to study pathogenetic events underlying the exudative phase of ARDS." @default.
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- W1484918835 date "1994-01-01" @default.
- W1484918835 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W1484918835 title "[57] Adult respiratory distress syndrome: Model systems using isolated perfused rabbit lungs" @default.
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- W1484918835 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(94)33060-3" @default.
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