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- W1487422078 abstract "This comprehensive review of the scientific literature on fly ash generated by coal burning power plants cites studies reported in 284 publications up to September 1980. General conclusions are formulated, on the basis of data compiled from this review, on the physico-chemical characteristics of the solid waste and the possible environmental impacts of its disposal. Fly ash is composed of fine-grained particles that have a variable morphology and consist primarily of an amorphous glassy material. The elemental composition of fly ash is highly variable and directly related to compositional variations in the parent coals and to the operational characteristics of the individual power plants. Some elements are concentrated (enriched) on fly ash particle surfaces. While the glass-like particles are essentially insoluble in water, the enriched surface elements may be soluble and therefore available to the environment upon leaching of the solid waste. Fly ash leachates also demonstrate a great deal of variability in chemical composition. Toxicity studies suggest that fly ash leachates may adversely effect aquatic ecosystems, while the solid material may be hazardous to terrestrial ecosystems by direct external reactions (skin, eyes, etc.) or reactions in the respiratory tract or alimentary canal. The predominant method of fly ash disposalmore » is by wet sluicing to on-site ash ponds. The greatest use of the solid waste is as an additive to concrete mixture; several other schemes for using the solid waste have been proposed. Plants grown experimental fly ash amended soils have shown enrichment of certain chemical constituents in plant tissues. A classification system for fly ash is proposed in this paper; this system should aid in systematic fly ash research and in the discussion of fly ash properties.« less" @default.
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- W1487422078 date "2018-03-19" @default.
- W1487422078 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W1487422078 title "Coal Fly Ash: A Review of the Literature and Proposed Classification System With Emphasis on Environmental Impacts" @default.
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