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• W1487752811 abstract "Multiple myeloma (MM) is a severely debilitating, incurable, and uniformly fatal neoplastic disease of B cell origin (Barker et al., 1993). Although much effort has been directed at devising effective treatments for these patients, their prognosis and survival have been relatively unchanged over the last 30 years, except for a subgroup of patients undergoing successful autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Gahrton et al., 2001). The major source of morbidity and possible mortality associated with MM is osteolytic lesions throughout the axial skeleton (Coleman, 1997). Lytic bone lesions occur in over 70–80% of these patients (Anderson, 1999), and are frequently associated with severe bone pain and pathologic fractures. Up to one third of the patients develop hypercalcemia. The bone lesions result from increased osteoclastic bone resorption that occurs adjacent to the myeloma cells and not in areas of normal bone marrow (Anderson et al., 2002). These data suggest that locally acting factors produced by myeloma cells induce extensive bone destruction. Consistent with this hypothesis is the finding that cultures of human myeloma cells in vitro produce several osteoclast activating factors (OAFs), including TNF-α (Garret et al., 1987; Sati et al., 1999, IL-1-ß Lacy et al., 1999; Lust et al., 1999), and IL-6 (Bataille et al., 1995; Epstein et al., 1992; Iwasaki et al., 1999). However, none of these cytokines appears to be clearly responsible for the bone destruction in vivo. The increase in osteoclast (OCL) bone resorption in myeloma is usually associated with a marked impairment in osteoblast function Alexandrakis et al., 2002). Alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum is decreased or in the normal range, unlike patients with other types of osteolytic bone disease, and radionuclide scans do not show evidence of increased uptake in over 50% of patients with osteolytic lesions, indicating impaired osteoblast responses to the increase in bone resorption." @default.
• W1487752811 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1487752811 creator A5018507303 @default.
• W1487752811 creator A5048083753 @default.
• W1487752811 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W1487752811 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W1487752811 title "MIP-1 Alpha and Myeloma Bone Disease" @default.
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• W1487752811 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9129-4_4" @default.
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