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- W148799533 abstract "Publisher Summary The association between deterioration of glucose metabolism and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been observed in numerous studies. Insulin resistance syndrome promotes atherothrombosis and includes several components—insulin resistance with or without glucose intolerance, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, raised blood pressure, a proinflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. In the vessel wall, insulin stimulates proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells as well as binding of low-density lipoproteins to receptors in monocytes, and it also influences the activity of major enzymes involved in lipogenesis. In any given woman, insulin resistance is largely genetically determined with its clinical expression linked to age and is more frequently encountered in middle-aged women compared with men. Endogenous and exogenous sex steroids appear to have a modulating effect. In postmenopausal women, exogenous estrogens may decrease insulin resistance, although the effect may be blunted by the increased synthesis of growth factors and decreased hepatic insulin clearance following the first-pass effect of orally administered hormones. Low-dose oral estrogen as well as transdermal therapy may be preferable from a metabolic point of view. In diabetic women, hormone therapy may have a bimodal effect, preventing the development of CHD in women without pre-existing coronary heart disease but accelerating the risk in those with established disease." @default.
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- W148799533 date "2007-01-01" @default.
- W148799533 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W148799533 title "Glucose Metabolism After Menopause" @default.
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