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• W1488217721 abstract "Abstract An enzyme catalyzing oxidative decarboxylation of branched short chain α-keto acids to produce the corresponding acyl coenzyme A esters has been detected in and enriched 40-fold from the cell-free extracts of Bacillus subtilis. Thus the α-keto acid of l-isoleucine, l-α-keto-β-methylvalerate, is transformed to CO2 and α-methylbutyryl coenzyme A. Coenzyme A and NAD are required for this decarboxylation. NADP, however, is inactive to the system. Thiamine pyrophosphate does not increase the enzyme activity as much as do coenzyme A and NAD. The name α-ketoisovalerate dehydrogenase is proposed for this new enzyme since α-ketoisovalerate is found to be the best substrate among the three α-keto acids, l-α-keto-β-methylvalerate, α-ketoisovalerate, and α-ketoisocaproate which are related to l-isoleucine, l-valine, and l-leucine. The optimum pH for enzyme activity lies around 7.0. The Km for coenzyme A is 0.11 mm, whereas the Km for l-α-keto-β-methylvalerate is 1.66 mm. The enzyme is stereospecific to the l isomer of α-keto-β-methylvalerate and does not use the d isomer. Coenzyme A and NAD required for the oxidative decarboxylation can be replaced with potassium ferricyanide but the activity is much less. Sulfhydryl reactants inhibit the activity of α-ketoisovalerate dehydrogenase indicating that it includes the sulfhydryl group as an essential portion for the enzyme activity. Lack of incorporation of 14CO2 into the carboxyl carbon of α-ketoisovalerate suggests that an intermediary complex of thiamine pyrophosphate with the α-keto acid substrate rather than its decarboxylated product, the corresponding aldehyde, is involved in this oxidative decarboxylation. The enzyme is clearly distinguishable from the pyruvate dehydrogenase of B. subtilis which is inactive on the branched short chain α-keto acids, and from the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase which is far more unstable than the enzyme and, while detectable in crude extracts, cannot be detected in any of the purified preparations." @default.
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• W1488217721 date "1969-08-01" @default.
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• W1488217721 title "Coenzyme A- and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-dependent Branched Chain α-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase" @default.
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• W1488217721 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)94337-1" @default.
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