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• W1488683657 endingPage "7093" @default.
• W1488683657 startingPage "7087" @default.
• W1488683657 abstract "Leucine can be utilized efficiently as a precursor for lipid biosynthesis by adipose tissue, especially in the presence of glucose or glucose and insulin. During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to adipocytes, the rate of lipid biosynthesis from L-[U-14C]leucine increases at least 30-fold and lipogenesis, with [U-14C] acetate as the precursor, increases by 10- to 15-fold. The specific activities of two mitochondrial dehydrogenases in the leucine oxidative pathway, the branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase and isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, as well as of leucine:alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, increase at least 20-fold during the adipose conversion. Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase was assayed in crude extracts using a specific fluorimetric method employing electron transfer flavoprotein as the electron acceptor for the flavoprotein dehydrogenase. The specific activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, the mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the terminal reaction in the leucine degradation pathway, increases 4-fold during differentiation. The increases in the specific activities of the mitochondrial enzymes occur without a change in the specific activity of cytochrome oxidase, indicating that the increases do not simply reflect proliferation of mitochondria. The biosynthesis of at least 20 soluble mitochondrial polypeptides is enhanced during the adipose conversion of the fibroblasts as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis following incubation of the cells with [35S] methionine. The results provide a conservative estimate of the extent of changes in mitochondrial soluble proteins during the adipose conversion. They also establish that differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes metabolize leucine like mature adipose tissue and illustrate the roles of the branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase and isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in lipogenesis." @default.
• W1488683657 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1488683657 date "1983-06-01" @default.
• W1488683657 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W1488683657 title "Leucine catabolism during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Expression of a mitochondrial enzyme system." @default.
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• W1488683657 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)32336-6" @default.
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• W1488683657 hasPublicationYear "1983" @default.
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