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- W1489201346 abstract "ABSTRACTThe South Louisiana coastline has experienced a number of natural and man-made disasters, beginning with the BP Oil Spill in 2010. These disasters have caused millions of dollars in damage in the form of human costs, environmental costs, and economic costs. This paper seeks to update the original South Louisiana study and compare the economic hardships originally felt in Louisiana with those that exist after Hurricane Isaac. In particular, this study investigates the continuing decline in the South Louisiana economy as a result of the spill.Key Words: BP Oil Spill, Hurricane Isaac, Economic Effects of Natural and Man-Made Disasters.INTRODUCTIONAs residents of South Louisiana braced for the onslaught of Hurricane Isaac, they asked themselves the following question: Will we face only the traditional hardships associated with a hurricane, or will we be covered in oil again?From April 20, 2010 to July 15, 2010, British Petroleum's Deepwater Horizon rig released 4.9 million barrels of Louisiana light sweet crude oil from the Macondo well into the Gulf of Mexico. It is thought that 1.1 million barrels of the oil are still polluting the gulf in the form of surface oil (light sheen), tar balls and submerged oil mats. (Tao et. al., 2011)British Petroleum (hereinafter, BP), the company responsible for the Deepwater Horizon disaster, was asked to comment. On August 29, 2012, they assured the public that they did not expect any significant impact in the form of oil from the 2010 event being washed ashore by Hurricane Isaac. (Shauk, 2012) Their position was that they had cleaned up all of the oil and that the ecosystem was in recovery. (CBS/AP, 9/5/2012)The Louisiana Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness was less sanguine. Their website advised residents that oil from the disaster might, in fact, be pushed ashore by the storm. (Shauk, 2012)Residents remained uneasy. They recalled the rain of tar balls visited on South Alabama by Tropical Storm Lee and on South Mississippi by Tropical Storm Debbie. Confidence in the August 29, 2012 pronouncement of BP (soon to be indicted on 14 counts of criminal negligence, including one count of lying to Congress about the volume of oil spilled) (Huffington Post, 2012) was low.On August 28, 2012, Hurricane Isaac descended on South Louisiana, carrying large amounts of oil and tar balls that the storm scooped up from the floor of the gulf. BP challenged the assertion that the oil came from the Macondo well. Their challenge is not surprising, since if the oil was shown to be from the Deepwater Horizon spill, BP would have to help pay to clean it up. (Green, 2012) Fortunately, oil has a chemical fingerprint that makes it possible to identify its origin. (Gonzales, 2012) Testing proved that the oil was clearly from the Macondo well.A new oil sheen appeared 50 miles off the Louisiana coast in early September. Tests confirmed that the oil was from Macondo. (WKRG.com NEWS5, 2012) Researchers from the University of Miami monitored the area of the original spill. They discovered up welling of oil during Hurricane Isaac. (Gonzales, 2012) Once again, South Louisiana was covered in oil.Economic effects were immediate. Commercial fishing and all shrimping were closed along 13 miles of the Louisiana coast because of the presence of tar mats and tar balls. (Goldenberg, 2012) Other coastal waters were already closed to fishing because of the continuing presence of Deepwater Horizon oil. (Gannon, 2012)Environmental effects were also immediate. The Coast Guard found pelicans and other wildlife in the Louisiana marshes coated with the oil. (Smyth, 2012) The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries confirmed the presence of oil-soaked birds. (Gannon, 2012) In nearby coastal Mississippi, tens of thousands of dead nutria corpses littered the beaches, creating rank odors and a health hazard. (Pappas, 2012)Garret Graves, chairman of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority, blamed the continued presence of a million barrels of oil in the gulf on BP's failure to clean it all up. …" @default.
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- W1489201346 date "2014-01-01" @default.
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- W1489201346 title "Covered in Oil-Again" @default.
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