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- W1489300158 abstract "Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite responsible for the most severe form of human malaria, with infection often resulting in death. Efforts to control malaria have been hindered by an increased spread of parasite resistance to previously effective antimalarial drugs, leading to an intensified search for novel antimalarial drug targets. A group of proteins suggested as potentially effective targets are the integral membrane transport proteins, since they play key roles in Plasmodium parasite growth and replication. One such membrane protein recently characterised was the P. falciparum copper efflux transporter. Treatment of cultured P. falciparum parasites with the intracellular copper chelator neocuproine inhibited parasite growth, suggesting that additional mechanisms for malaria parasite copper homoeostasis are likely to be present. Copper is an essential trace element involved in enzymatic processes requiring redox-chemistry. In higher eukaryotes copper is transported across the plasma membrane via the copper transport protein, Ctr1, and distributed intracellularly by copper metallochaperones. The mechanisms for copper acquisition and distribution in the Plasmodium parasite are, however, yet to be characterised. An in silico Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for protein (BLASTp) screen of the Plasmodium database (www.plasmodb.org) identified sequences corresponding to a putative copper transporter, and associated copper metallochaperones, in eight species of the Plasmodium parasite. Each of the Plasmodium copper transport protein sequences was found to contain features common to the well characterised copper transporters. These features included predicted copper-binding motifs in the protein's amino terminus, three membrane spanning domains and the characteristic MxxxM and GxxxG motifs located in the second and third transmembrane domains, respectively. Affinity purified anti-peptide antibodies, generated against an immunogenic peptide (CSDKQSGDDECKPILD) in the amino terminus of a putative malaria parasite copper transporter (PY00413), detected the target protein in murine malaria parasites in association with a parasite membrane. The open reading frames corresponding to the amino terminal domains of one P. berghei [PBANKA_130290 (447 bp)] and two P. falciparum [PF14_0211 (132 bp) and PF14_0369 (282 bp)] putative copper transport proteins were PCR amplified, ligated into pGEM®-T and then expressed as recombinant fusion proteins with maltose binding protein (MBP). The resulting sizes for the recombinant proteins were 61kDa for MBP-PbCtrNt, 48kDa for MBP-PfCtr211NtTD and 55kDa for MBP-PfCtr369NtTD, with each protein being recognised by a corresponding anti-peptide antibody. All three recombinant proteins bound copper in vitro and in vivo, with each having a binding preference for the reduced cuprous ion. This preference has been similarly established for the characterised copper transporters. Although the results supported the expression and copper binding ability of" @default.
- W1489300158 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1489300158 creator A5033024481 @default.
- W1489300158 date "2013-12-09" @default.
- W1489300158 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1489300158 title "Recombinant expression and initial characterisation of two Plasmodium copper binding proteins." @default.
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