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• W1489688146 endingPage "11189" @default.
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• W1489688146 abstract "In adult mice, monocular enucleation (ME) results in an immediate deactivation of the contralateral medial monocular visual cortex. An early restricted reactivation by open eye potentiation is followed by a late overt cross-modal reactivation by whiskers (Van Brussel et al., 2011). In adolescence (P45), extensive recovery of cortical activity after ME fails as a result of suppression or functional immaturity of the cross-modal mechanisms (Nys et al., 2014). Here, we show that dark exposure before ME in adulthood also prevents the late cross-modal reactivation component, thereby converting the outcome of long-term ME into a more P45-like response. Because dark exposure affects GABAergic synaptic transmission in binocular V1 and the plastic immunity observed at P45 is reminiscent of the refractory period for inhibitory plasticity reported by Huang et al. (2010), we molecularly examined whether GABAergic inhibition also regulates ME-induced cross-modal plasticity. Comparison of the adaptation of the medial monocular and binocular cortices to long-term ME or dark exposure or a combinatorial deprivation revealed striking differences. In the medial monocular cortex, cortical inhibition via the GABA_A receptor α1 subunit restricts cross-modal plasticity in P45 mice but is relaxed in adults to allow the whisker-mediated reactivation. In line, <i>in vivo</i> pharmacological activation of α1 subunit-containing GABA_A receptors in adult ME mice specifically reduces the cross-modal aspect of reactivation. Together with region-specific changes in glutamate acid decarboxylase (GAD) and vesicular GABA transporter expression, these findings put intracortical inhibition forward as an important regulator of the age-, experience-, and cortical region-dependent cross-modal response to unilateral visual deprivation. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> In adult mice, vision loss through one eye instantly reduces neuronal activity in the visual cortex. Strengthening of remaining eye inputs in the binocular cortex is followed by cross-modal adaptations in the monocular cortex, in which whiskers become a dominant nonvisual input source to attain extensive cortical reactivation. We show that the cross-modal component does not occur in adolescence because of increased intracortical inhibition, a phenotype that was mimicked in adult enucleated mice when treated with indiplon, a GABA_A receptor α1 agonist. The cross-modal versus unimodal responses of the adult monocular and binocular cortices also mirror regional specificity in inhibitory alterations after visual deprivation. Understanding cross-modal plasticity in response to sensory loss is essential to maximize patient susceptibility to sensory prosthetics." @default.
• W1489688146 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1489688146 creator A5020001257 @default.
• W1489688146 creator A5023661364 @default.
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• W1489688146 creator A5050810510 @default.
• W1489688146 creator A5072143374 @default.
• W1489688146 date "2015-08-12" @default.
• W1489688146 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W1489688146 title "Regional Specificity of GABAergic Regulation of Cross-Modal Plasticity in Mouse Visual Cortex after Unilateral Enucleation" @default.
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