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- W1489802020 abstract "Schizophrenia is a severely disabling disorder with a lifetime risk of about 1%. The aetiology of schizophrenia is complex. Evidence from twin, adoptive and family studies indicates that the disorder involves a significant genetic contribution: children of women with schizophrenia have an 8- to 10-fold higher risk of developing the disorder compared with the general population [1], with the risk in a monozygotic co-twin increased to about 50-fold [2]. The pattern of inheritance in schizophrenia is not a simple Mendelian one. It is likely that multiple genes of small to moderate effect contribute to the disorder, and that environmental risk factors interact with this genetic susceptibility. However, the precise nature of the genetic and environmental risk factors remains unclear. It has long been suspected that disruptions to early brain development may be associated with an increased risk of adult-onset schizophrenia [3]. In the 1980s, these speculations became more clearly articulated under the generic label of the ‘neurodevelopmental hypothesis’ of schizophrenia [4]. It was proposed that critical circuits in the brain were affected in early development by a disease process, with full-blown consequences evident many years later in adolescence or early adulthood as schizophrenia [5]. The original theory is open as to whether the ‘disease process’ affecting neuronal development is genetically or environmentally determined. There are a number of indicators of neurodevelopmental disruption in schizophrenia including: (a) an increased risk of schizophrenia following obstetric complications at birth with good evidence that the risk is increased 2- to 7-fold [6]; (b) a history of neurointegrative defect in children who later develop schizophrenia [7], and (c) an increased frequency of minor physical anomalies [8] and neurological soft signs [9] in affected" @default.
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- W1489802020 date "2009-01-01" @default.
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- W1489802020 title "The Offspring of Women with Severe Mental Disorder" @default.
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- W1489802020 doi "https://doi.org/10.1159/000221165" @default.
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