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• W1493441104 abstract "Abstract This chapter discusses effects of inflammatory mediators such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, interferons, and others on the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system. This includes inflammatory mediator-induced alterations at central autonomic control centers, of sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia, of nerves and autonomic receptors, of neurotransmitter secretion from nerve terminals, of neurotransmitter receptor signaling, of peripheral neurotransmitter effects without exact localization of the site of action, of chromaffin cells, and of enzymes responsible for adrenergic or cholinergic neurotransmitter production. Although this chapter cannot be complete, it clearly demonstrates a close interaction between these inflammatory mediators and altered function of the autonomic nervous system. Particularly, the sympathetic nervous system is affected in many different ways which, in general, lead to an increase of the sympathetic nervous tone but to a loss of sympathetic innervation in inflamed tissue. At present, it is not known how inflammatory mediators exactly influence the autonomic nervous system in chronic inflammatory diseases. It is likely that this influence may lead to autonomic neuropathy and also to autonomic nervous hyper-reflexia with many deleterious consequences such as sympathetic overdrive, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, metabolic disturbances, and others. Furthermore, long-loop anti-inflammatory feedback effects of the autonomic nervous system may be altered under such circumstances, the consequences of which remain to be elucidated." @default.
• W1493441104 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5037887802 @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5038977009 @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5039184689 @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5047352631 @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5076058491 @default.
• W1493441104 creator A5085788744 @default.
• W1493441104 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W1493441104 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1493441104 title "Inflammatory Mediators Affect the Autonomic Nervous System" @default.
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