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• W1494498585 abstract "In Coker', T. S. Eliot describes the ongoing struggle recover what has been lost / And found and lost again an action no w taking place under conditions / That seem unpropitious. (1) Such words could certainly describe the historical moment of the poem's publication: the Easter (21st March) 1940 number of the New English Weekly, when the poem appeared amidst ever-worsening news from the European theatre of war. As the German armies continued to march westwards through Europe, and as the fate of Britain looked increasingly uncertain, the poem's title spoke of continuity in the midst of change as it was the name of the village in Somerset from which Eliot's distant ancestor, Andrew Eliot, had ventured to the New World in 1669. Eliot had visited East in August 1937, and in 1965 its parish church of St Michael was later to provide the resting-place for his ashes, behind a plaque that quotes the opening and closing lines of his poem. Coker was an enormous critical success, and was swiftly re-issued in pamphlet form, selling over twelve thousand copies. Virginia Woolf read the poem, but did not review it officially. Having met Eliot's friend Bonamy Dobree on Saturday 6th April 1940, she records that they discussed Eliot's 'didactic' last poem, though whether this is Woolf's opinion or that of her companion is unclear. (Diary 278) (2) Writing to Eliot on 15th May, Woolf told him that she did, by heroic efforts, buy the copy of the paper with your poem in it, and liked (Letters 398) (3) A later letter, however, offers a more restrained view. Upon receipt of the pamphlet edition of Eliot's work, Woolf writes to thank him and adds according to our compact, say nothing of the printed matter. (Letters 441)This reserved response to 'East Coker' may be attributed to Woolf's having recognised many echoes of it in the novel she was writing at the time, a novel in which, as Gillian Beer notes, she works urgently on the problem of the artist's position in society and in England's history. (4) A diary entry for 29th December 1940 finds her admitting to feeling jealous when she hears Eliot's poem praised, combating this by going for lengthy walks saying, am I; & must follow that furrow, not copy another. (Diary 347) In the troubled final months of her life Woolf's emotions and judgements fluctuated markedly, and the latter part of her diary entry, reminding herself that she must avoid 'copying' the work of Eliot and trust instead in the validity of her own work (about which, as we shall see later, she was increasingly doubtful around this time) suggests that what she calls her 'jealousy' may in fact have stemmed from her having seen in Eliot's poem material closely related to her own ongoing project; not perhaps identical, but similar in its scope and concerns to a degree that registered with her as she recognised it. In Eliot's response to the location and cultural life of East Woolf saw a correspondence with her outlook on English society and history, as voiced in her account of walking across the Sussex Downs to Court House Farm, Alciston, the home of Helen Anrep: An incredible loveliness. The downs breaking their wave, yet one pale quarry; & all the barns & stacks either a broken pink, or a verdurous green; & then the walk by the wall; & the church; & the great tithe barn. How England consoles & warms one, in these deep hollows, where the past stands almost stagnant. And the little spire across the fields ... (Diary 346) Here we see Woolf celebrating the historical nature of the landscape, the essence of England which, threatened from all quarters, retains a sense of harmony in the midst of its trials. I worshipped the beauty of the country, she goes on, now scraped, but with old colours showing. (Diary 346) Faced with evidence of such continuity, it was easier to believe that something would endure after the war, that whatever destruction followed some trace of the country itself would remain. …" @default.
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• W1494498585 date "2007-09-22" @default.
• W1494498585 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1494498585 title "Cultural Continuity in a Time of War: Virginia Woolf's between the Acts and T.S. Eliot's East Coker" @default.
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