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- W1495644414 abstract "A sophisticated physical model of the dry snow/firn densification process in ice sheets is proposed. Macroscopically, snow and firn undergo vertical uniaxial compression with non-zero deviatoric stresses and strain rates. The present mathematical description of densification includes dilatancy and force-chain effects in snow and develops previous concepts of ice-particle rearrangement by grainboundary sliding and sintering by power-law creep under overburden pressure. Both densification mechanisms work together during the first snow stage until the closest packing of ice grains is reached at critical densities of 0.7-0.76 and the firn stage controlled only by the dislocation creep sets on. In addition to the ice-grain coordination number and the slope of the radial distribution function, a new structural parameter is introduced to account for grain bonding (agglomeration) effects. The model is constrained and validated on direct stereological observations of ice core structures and a representative set of snow/firn densitydepth profiles covering a wide range of present-day climatic conditions (−57.5 to −10 °C and ice accumulation at 2.15 to 330 cm yr). Simple equations are derived for predicting the depth of pore closure in firn and the ice age at close-off. The paleoclimatic evolution of quasi-stationary density-depth profiles and close-off characteristics at Vostok Station (East Antarctica) are simulated and discussed." @default.
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- W1495644414 date "2009-12-01" @default.
- W1495644414 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
- W1495644414 title "Snow/Firn Densification in Polar Ice Sheets" @default.
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