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- W1496264510 abstract "Regulation of growth, both in fetal and neonatal stages, is absolutely dependent on the energy balance. Growth is a complex process which permits both its retardation in adverse circumstances and the accelerated catch up to reach standard values when the conditions favor it. This precise regulation indicates the presence of a central control at the brain level. The first step in the control of the energetic balance is the control of apetite, which understanding is starting nowadays. Orexigenic and anorexigenic pathways produced at the hypothalamus regulate the switch on or off respectively of the sensation of apetite. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) secreted by the arcuate nucleus is the orexigenic compound most interesting whereas leptin, secreted by the adipose tissue, is the physiological anorexigenic endogenous substance. Both regulate apetite in a subtle manner involving complex molecular mechanisms yet to unravel. There is ample evidence that leptin, which is the brain sensor for the energetic balance, is also involved in the fetal growth when control of apetite is not necessary. Both NPY and leptin are regulated by insulin in rodents. In humans, leptin seems to be regulated by other metabolites; in particular, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are excelent candidates for leptin regulation since they are secreted within the brain, regulate somatic growth at the cartilage and their circulating levels decrease in conditions of undernutrition while the brain IGFs receptors increase. Although much research is needed in this area, the neuroendocrine hypothesis of Tanner, elaborated in 1963 to deliniate the brain regulation of growth, stands today as the most plausible explanation for the control of apetite and its role in mammal growth." @default.
- W1496264510 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W1496264510 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W1496264510 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W1496264510 title "Regulación del crecimiento / axis GH/IGFs e hipótesis neuroendocrina" @default.
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