FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1498347637> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W1498347637 endingPage "249" @default.
• W1498347637 startingPage "215" @default.
• W1498347637 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION Like the crack of a rifle, the shattering sound echoes through the inlet as a slab of blue ice sloughs off the face the mountainous glacier. Unfettered, the ice cascades with all the violence of an avalanche into the frigid waters below. Welcome to calving season in Glacier Bay. (1) Alaska's economy depends on cruise ships to bring tourists to its remote natural attractions like Glacier Bay National Park. (2) Without cruise ships, the majority of Alaska tourists would never experience the glacier calving phenomenon. (3) And in turn, the cruise industry's livelihood depends on keeping the natural wonders of Alaska and the world pristine, as no one wants to travel to polluted, bygone paradises. (4) Port states (5) have clear authority to regulate the overboard discharges of foreign-flagged vessels. (6) The main focus of environmental enforcement has typically applied to only overboard activities, but in the aftermath of pollution violation convictions, the port state has used its power to regulate onboard activities on cruise ships through plea agreements establishing environmental compliance programs. (7) This article examines the jurisdictional struggle between port and flag states (8) to control cruise ship environmental activities that do not directly affect the environment of the port state or its waters. The Supreme Court's plurality decision in Spector v. Norwegian Cruise Line Ltd. (9) raises questions of traditional flag state jurisdiction. Theoretically, the Spector decision would bring purely onboard activities within the reach of port state control and would inhibit the autonomy of an industry that is cognizant of its environmental responsibility and obligations. The article contends that cruise ships' onboard environmental activities should remain industry-regulated and controlled. First, the article explores the industry's pollution problems of the past, then argues that present environmental costs, port state regulations, and customer concern provide a strong enough incentive for the industry to faithfully regulate shipboard environmental activities. Cruise ships now consistently meet end-of-pipe regulations and standards, thus making any further interference with onboard operations, policies, and pollution prevention procedures unwarranted. (10) The only effective and efficient way to preserve the last desirable portages on Earth is to give the cruise industry leeway in developing and managing cruise ships' onboard procedures and policies. Genuine cruise industry commitment and efforts in environmental stewardship and conservation will not materialize in a setting where punitive regulations and restrictions control the purely onboard activities and operations of cruise ships. Powerful offboard motivators such as monetary penalties and negative publicity induce the cruise ships to change their ways and ultimately shape the ships' onboard procedures and policies. These motivators negate the need for port states to regulate purely onboard activities. The article has five parts plus the introduction and the conclusion. Part II explains the how cruise ships utilize foreign-flag registries and presents an overview of the conflict between port and flag state jurisdiction. Part III examines the history of cruise ship pollution and discusses the different types of cruise ship wastes and environmental compliance procedures. Part IV gives an overview of the current environmental regulations that affect cruise ships, focusing on onboard regulations. Part V considers the impact of Spector on environmental measures onboard foreign-flagged Cruise ships. Part VI explores how recent voluntary industry compliance efforts have been effective in leading to progressive environmental practices and reducing pollution incidents, thus making onboard regulations cumbersome and possibly harmful to the industry's new attitude toward environmental stewardship. II. …" @default.
• W1498347637 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1498347637 creator A5022818604 @default.
• W1498347637 date "2007-09-22" @default.
• W1498347637 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1498347637 title "Beyond the Sea and Spector: Reconciling Port and Flag State Control over Cruise Ship Onboard Environ-mental Procedures and Policies" @default.
• W1498347637 hasPublicationYear "2007" @default.
• W1498347637 type Work @default.
• W1498347637 sameAs 1498347637 @default.
• W1498347637 citedByCount "2" @default.
• W1498347637 countsByYear W14983476372012 @default.
• W1498347637 countsByYear W14983476372014 @default.
• W1498347637 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W1498347637 hasAuthorship W1498347637A5022818604 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C100834320 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C100970517 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C111368507 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C119599485 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C127313418 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C127413603 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C205649164 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C2776949292 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C2778821358 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConcept C32802771 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C100834320 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C100970517 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C111368507 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C119599485 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C127313418 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C127413603 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C17744445 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C199539241 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C205649164 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C2776949292 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C2778821358 @default.
• W1498347637 hasConceptScore W1498347637C32802771 @default.
• W1498347637 hasIssue "1" @default.
• W1498347637 hasLocation W14983476371 @default.
• W1498347637 hasOpenAccess W1498347637 @default.
• W1498347637 hasPrimaryLocation W14983476371 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W1515377122 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W1523757044 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W1601751569 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W1812609512 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2062730980 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2173430453 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2254885236 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2373184926 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2738102457 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2990643484 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W2999786647 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W3092270872 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W3123954656 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W3176353552 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W3206136345 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W635525390 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W812932967 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W849529473 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W920321338 @default.
• W1498347637 hasRelatedWork W3124524656 @default.
• W1498347637 hasVolume "18" @default.
• W1498347637 isParatext "false" @default.
• W1498347637 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W1498347637 magId "1498347637" @default.
• W1498347637 workType "article" @default.