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• W1498394612 abstract "In the early 1900s organized predator control was initiated to remove coyotes (Can~s latrans) and wolves (C. hrpzrs and C. ngus) from the sheep and goat producing areas of Texas. Operations were begun in the Edwards Plateau, the largest area of sheep concentration. By the 1920s, many of the inner Edwards Plateau count~es were cons~dered to be almost fiee of coyotes and wolves In the 1950s coyotes and wolves were extirpated from most of the Edwards Plateau After a coyote populat~on inuption in the early 1960s, coyotes began to re-establish themselves on the periphery of the Plateau. This encroachment process has accelerated in the 1990s and thus continues to expose more sheep and goats to predation by coyotes. In the early 1900s, organized predator control was initiated to remove coyotes and wolves from the sheep and goat producing areas of Texas Operations were begun in the Edwards Plateau, the largest area of sheep concentration. The Edwards Plateau and, to a lesser extent, portions of other adjoining ecological areas presently (1 995) account for 19% (1.7 million head) of the sheep and 90% (1.95 million head) of the goats in the Un~ted States (USDA 1995) (Fig. I). The Edwards Plateau itself encompasses about 24 million acres of Hill Count~y in west-central Texas, comprising all or portions of 37 counties (Fig. 2). By the 1920s, many of the interioiEdwards Plateau counties were considered to be practically fsee of coyotes and ~volves. In 1950, these were 33 counties covering nearly 24 million acres which were considered to be coyote fi-ee (Fig. 3) This area remained vistually void of coyotes for several decades until their encroachment began in the 1960s. T h ~ s process has been described by several authors (Caroline 1973, Shelton and Klindt 1974, Hawthorne 1980, Nunley 1985). The purpose of this paper is to review and update the pi-ogi-ess of the re-establishment of coyotes into the Edwards Plateau of Texas. This area is historically and currently unique because of its unswpassed intensive level of coyote control over such an extensive area Organized predator control The predecessors of what is now known as the cooperative Texas Antmal Damage Control Program have been involved in providing predatory animal control selvlces for the last 80 years. This cooperative wildl~fe damage management agency is compr~sed of the Animal Damage Control Program of USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Seivice, the Texas Animal Damage Control Service of the Texas A&M University System, and the Texas Animal Damage Control Association. One of the functions of the cooperative program is to conduct direct control operations for the protection of sheep and goats from depredat~on by coyotes and other predators Historically, the program's primaiy control strategy has been to attempt to prevent the infiltrat~on of coyotes into the major shecp and goat production areas Extirpation of coyotes The coyote and wolf take by county of the orgamed control PI-ogam dunng fiscal year 1950 is reflected m Fig. 4 (Landon 1950) This categorized illustration of the number of animals taken per county provides a relatively representative picture of the re-establishment of coyotes into the Edwards Plateau when examined eveiy tenth year. Those countles within the shccp and goat production areas which indicate no take, either had no progsam or had a progi-am and did not take any coyotes. In either case, this usually indicated that few coyotes, if any, were present in those counties at that time. In the predatoiy animal control agency's 1958 m u a l repolt, the status of coyotes and wolves in the Edwards Plateau in the 1950s was reported as 1 dot = 1.000 head GOATS" @default.
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• W1498394612 date "1995-01-01" @default.
• W1498394612 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W1498394612 title "THE RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COYOTE IN THE EDWARDS PLATEAU OF TEXAS" @default.
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