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• W1502397515 abstract "A Critique of NGO Operations Once seen as unquestionably noble, humanitarian agencies have been subject to much criticism in last 30 years. [1] This has been particularly evident in Horn of Africa. Drawing on experience in Ethiopia, Hancock depicted agencies as bureaucracies more intent on keeping themselves going than helping poor. [2] Noting that aid often allowed despots to maintain power, enrich themselves and escape responsibility, he criticized their tendency for big, wasteful projects using expensive experts who bypass local concerns and wisdom and do not speak local languages. He accused their personnel of being lazy, over-paid, under-educated and living in luxury amid their impoverished clients. Such criticisms have surfaced frequently. Based on research in Somalia, Maren described international aid agencies as under-scrutinized, self-perpetuating big businesses more concerned with winning government contracts than helping needy people. [3] He was equally scathing of naivete of expatriate personnel, dependence by journalists on agency reports and willingness of native elites to exploit crises. Often aid has subsidized western businesses, such as grain-trading companies, eager to unload surpluses. Questioning whether non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are becoming Africa's new colonialists, one observer noted that intended recipients of charity are only persons who can assess whether or not altruistic goals have been met. [4] Others have noted agency encroachment on state sovereignty. [5] Particularly relevant in case of Sudan, NGO activities may impede local political processes that could allow beneficiaries of assistance to become masters of their own destinies. Critics note that agencies hamper development of local consensus to aggregate needs and form policy. [6] Tvedt argues, ... NGOs contributed unintentionally to erosion of authority of a very weak state. ... The NGOs put up their own administration and authority systems thereby undermining state institutions without establishing viable alternative structures. [7] Referring to agencies as inadvertent accomplices, Martin notes that international aid organizations have flooded into Sudan, mostly via Kenya and Uganda into rebel regions of South, in response to devastating consequence of years of combat, concurrent droughts, floods, and other calamities. The hundreds of millions of dollars that these organizations have poured into region have provided combatants with an excuse to avoid considering tremendous human costs of war. Although the two largest Southern rebel groups have each created fledgling civil service bureaucracies, these bureaucracies have no resources. Virtually none of national government's newly-found oil bonanza goes to fight war and poverty. Martin doubts that either rebels or government divert resources to humanitarian needs if aid agencies were to withdraw. But this does not obviate fact that very actions of humanitarian community allows both North and South to evade question entirely. [8] Mamphilly and Branch noted two categories of critiques leveled at foreign-funded, NGO-implemented humanitarian aid. The first focuses on political and social problems stemming from unmediated relations that NGOs often have with local populations. NGOs distribute aid according to their own institutional imperatives. No matter how far they try to involve local population in participatory forms of aid provision, there will always be a gap between their imperatives and imperatives that would emerge through democratic decision-making processes within beneficiary community. Often such situations result in high levels of waste and inefficiency due to competition among NGOs. Negative results flow even when there is inter-NGO cooperation and beneficiary participation, the population can be habituated to making appeals to unaccountable international bodies for assistance. …" @default.
• W1502397515 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1502397515 creator A5034391340 @default.
• W1502397515 date "2009-09-01" @default.
• W1502397515 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W1502397515 title "Local needs and agency conflict: a case study of Kajo Keji county, Sudan" @default.
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