Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W1502836321> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W1502836321 abstract "Feeding is an essential and complex behavior which aims to provide the energy required for maintaining physiological homeostasis. The drive to feed is a powerful stimulus arising from metabolic demands, and reinforced by evolutionary pressure. The current epidemic in obesity, and associated disorders such as diabetes, makes it clinically vital to understand the mechanisms behind the control of energy metabolism. Feeding is a process governed by the central nervous system (CNS); particularly through the interplay between different hypothalamic nuclei. At the heart of the feeding neuro-circuitry lies the arcuate nucleus (ARC) which acts as a metabolic sensor, taking stock of the supply and demands of energy in the body, and coordinating food intake and energy expenditure. The work in this thesis aimed to explore the neuro-anatomical substrate of metabolic control, and the mediators involved. The ARC contains two distinct sets of functionally antagonistic neurons. One group of neurons express the orexigenic peptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti gene related peptide (AGRP); while the other set expresses the anorexigenic peptides, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaineand amphetamine-regulated transcript. In paper V, we describe the histochemistry of NPY/AGRP and POMC neurons with regard to their anatomical interrelationship at the cell body and terminal level. A common experimental problem is that the ARC NPY cell bodies are difficult to distinguish and visualize in electrophysiological experiments and for immunohistochemistry. Therefore, in paper III, a novel transgenic mouse which expresses bright Renilla green fluorescent protein in NPY neurons was generated. Using this model, a comprehensive map of NPY-expressing cells in the CNS was generated and the effects of the satiety-inducing gut-brain bombesin peptides on ARC neurons were explored. Bombesin was found to exert powerful depolarizing actions on NPY and POMC neurons alike. Calcium binding proteins (CaBPs) have been used extensively to delineate neuronal populations, but the ARC has not yet been subjected to such analysis. In Paper IV we show that three major CaBPs (calbindin D-28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin) are all expressed in the ARC, but displayed little co-localization with previously described cell groups. One exception was POMC neurons, of which distinct subpopulations stained for calbindin D-28k and calretinin, respectively. Another CaBP, nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2; also known as nesfatin), has recently been proposed as a central anorexigenic mediator. In Paper I, the CNS distribution of this protein was shown to include nuclei that participate in all three output channels of metabolic control, i.e. behavioral, endocrine and autonomic modulation. Our data also suggest that NUCB2 may not act as a cleaved and secreted messenger as proposed, but rather may play an intracellular role. The wide distribution of NUCB2 in the neuroendocrine system prompted us to explore this protein in the pancreas (Paper II). We show that NUCB2 is exclusively expressed in insulin-producing β cells, and that islet NUCB2 is dramatically decreased in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rat, an effect that is normalized by fasting. These data indicate that NUCB2 may play a role in metabolic control also outside of the CNS. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS The work in this thesis consists of the following communications. They will be referred to by their Roman numerals. I. Foo KS, Brismar H, Broberger C (2008). Distribution and neuropeptide coexistence of nucleobindin2 mRNA/nesfatin-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience; 156: 563-579. II. Foo KS*, Brauner H*, Ostenson C-G, Broberger C (2010). Nucleobindin2/Nesfatin in the endocrine pancreas: Distribution and relationship to glycaemic state. Journal of Endocrinology; 204 (3): 255-63. III. van den Pol, A., Yao Y, Fu LY*, Foo K*, Huang H, Coppari R, Lowell BB, Broberger C (2009). Neuromedin B and gastrin-releasing peptide excite arcuate nucleus neuropeptide Y neurons in a novel transgenic mouse expressing strong Renilla green fluorescent protein in NPY neurons. Journal of Neuroscience; 29(14): 4622-39 IV. Foo KS and Broberger C (2010). Expression and co-localization patterns of calbindin-D28k, calretinin and parvalbumin in the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Manuscript V. Foo KS and Broberger C (2010). Projections and anatomical interactions between Neuropeptide Y/Agouti gene-related peptide and ProOpiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the rat. Manuscript * Equal contribution." @default.
- W1502836321 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1502836321 creator A5088977046 @default.
- W1502836321 date "2010-08-25" @default.
- W1502836321 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1502836321 title "Distribution and connectivity of messenger molecules in the control of energy metabolism: focus on neuropeptides and calcium binding proteins" @default.
- W1502836321 cites W129480248 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1486463812 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1487614844 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1488596761 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1490057790 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1490643348 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1499189927 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1502386136 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1503357410 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1506453366 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1510823521 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1518450737 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1549372716 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1572502886 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1588195558 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1594976448 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1606342288 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1718598015 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W176352299 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1770189426 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1790206216 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1873939206 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1893713587 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1897965317 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W194457947 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1947202934 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1952511039 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1963535279 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1964110223 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1966203604 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1967711632 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1967866087 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1968808193 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1969625191 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1971754084 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1972107185 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1972275518 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1974568895 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1974760551 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1976219263 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1976268916 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1976620869 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1976623136 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1976978438 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1977259783 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1977915489 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1978082185 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1980710373 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1981415589 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1982970758 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1985116411 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1985528328 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1986124830 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1986245376 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1987160566 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1988005306 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1988106824 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1988404980 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1988613836 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1989244384 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1991079974 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1991622845 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1992673078 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1992841732 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1993602125 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1993990935 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1994338451 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1995491925 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1996088836 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1996713062 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1996766050 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1997086120 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1997242658 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1997612728 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1998079771 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W1998595216 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2000542976 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2001063140 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2001660140 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2002294810 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2003589127 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2003717217 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2005109180 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2006444995 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2006529608 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2006658886 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2006868794 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2007349136 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2007387523 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2008812685 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2009631426 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2010984039 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2011445819 @default.
- W1502836321 cites W2012496594 @default.