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- W1507955251 abstract "Series compensating capacitors were initially introduced in transmission networks mainly to increase the power transfer capacity of long transmission lines. These series compensating capacitors bring with them significant protection challenges for relay manufacturers, utility engineers and researchers. One approach to studying the performance of advanced protection schemes in the presence of series capacitors is the use of real-time digital simulators. Real-time digital simulation allows actual relay hardware to be tested in a hardware-in-loop arrangement with detailed dynamic models of the protected power system. This thesis, firstly, discusses an initial review carried out into the technical challenges presented when designing distance protection schemes and setting advanced numerical distance protection relays in the presence of series compensating capacitors. The thesis then presents the results of detailed real-time simulator testing of advance numerical distance protection relays, using both hardware relays and real-time models of the relay algorithms, to determine the performance of, and appropriate settings for these advanced numerical distance relays when used to protect transmission lines. Finally, the thesis has made use of a real-time simulation model of Eskom’s heavily series compensated Western Cape transmission network, including detailed dynamic models of the non-linear metal oxide varistor (MOV) characteristics, control logic of the series capacitor protection and bypass breakers at each relevant series compensated site. This detailed dynamic simulation model has been used to study the performance of distance protection schemes for the lines in this network using the actual numerical distance relays that are used in the field, connected in closed-loop with the real-time power system model. The results show that the real-time simulation approach allows for greater confidence when setting advanced numerical relays, where there is concern for possible under-reaching, over-reaching and malfunction of protection schemes because of the series capacitors. The results have also shown that by using actual relays for testing, in combination with a detailed real-time model of the relaying algorithms, it is possible to determine with greater confidence, when to reduce the reach of high-speed elements within the relays, and when it is genuinely not possible to use such elements. As a result of these studies it has also been possible to identify important system properties that impact on the extent to which series capacitors result in over-reaching in distance relays and to show that detailed dynamic studies are required if such relays are to be set with confidence." @default.
- W1507955251 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1507955251 creator A5007069401 @default.
- W1507955251 date "2010-08-31" @default.
- W1507955251 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W1507955251 title "Dynamic performance of numerical distance protection relays in heavily series compesated networks" @default.
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