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• W1508256512 abstract "The experiments reported here were designed to elucidate the nature of the chemical group on tobacco mosaic virus nucleoprotein which causes the biological inactivation of the virus when it reacts with formaldehyde. The methods of chemical kinetics were used to determine the specific reaction rate constants for the inactivation of the virus by 2% formaldehyde at several pH values within the range 4.1 to 8.4 and at 30°, 35°, and 40°. The reaction rate was found to be only slightly pH dependent, indicating that the critical group does not dissociate within the pH range studied. The reaction did not vary with ionic strength. A plot of the Arrhenius equation for the velocity constants obtained at pH values of 5.3, 6.8, and 7.8 gave an energy of activation of 19,500 calories per mole, which is the approximate value found for a reaction involving a single chemical bond. The energy of activation was invariable with pH. The rate constant was dependent on formaldehyde concentration when 2% virus solutions were allowed to react with 1%, 2%, 4%, and 7% formaldehyde solutions at pH 6.6 and 30°. These results could be interpreted on the basis of the inactivation's being caused by the reaction of a single formaldehyde molecule at one site on the virus characteristic particle. Prior treatment of the virus nucleoprotein with iodine, diazotized sulfanilic acid, acetic anhydride, and propionaldehyde failed to produce any effect on the rate constants for the subsequent formaldehyde inactivation process, indicating that the sulfhydryl, phenolic hydroxy, and protein amino groups are probably not the ones which cause the inactivation when they react with formaldehyde. Since changes in pH did not appreciably affect the rate constant value between pH 4.1 and pH 8.4, certain other groups can be eliminated from consideration on the basis of their pK values. Proton donor groups with pK values less than 9 and proton acceptor groups with pK values greater than about pK 3 to 4 can be excluded. The amide groups are probably not fundamentally involved, since they are reported to react more readily in acid medium. If this is true, then the inactivation rate constant would increase with increasing acidity, which is contrary to the results of this work. It has been shown by other investigators that tryptophan in tobacco mosaic virus probably does not react with formaldehyde in the pH range employed here. On the basis of the foregoing considerations, it is probable that the groups most likely involved in the formaldehyde inactivation of tobacco mosaic virus are the beta hydroxy groups of serine and threonine, the hydroxy group of ribose, and the amino group on the pyrimidine and purine rings in the nucleic acid." @default.
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• W1508256512 date "1956-10-01" @default.
• W1508256512 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W1508256512 title "The reaction of tobacco mosaic virus with formaldehyde" @default.
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• W1508256512 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(56)90048-4" @default.
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