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• W1511204334 abstract "We report the detection of CN(N = 3 → 2) emission toward the Cloverleaf quasar (z = 2.56) based on observations with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer. This is the first clear detection of emission from this radical at high redshift. CN emission is a tracer of dense molecular hydrogen gas [n(H2) > 104 cm-3] within star-forming molecular clouds, in particular, in regions where the clouds are affected by UV radiation. The HCN/CN intensity ratio can be used as a diagnostic for the relative importance of photodissociation regions (PDRs) in a source and as a sensitive probe of optical depth, the radiation field, and photochemical processes. We derive a lensing-corrected CN(N = 3 → 2) line luminosity of L = (4.5 ± 0.5) × 109 K km s-1 pc2. The ratio between CN luminosity and far-infrared luminosity falls within the scatter of the same relationship found for low-z (ultra-) luminous infrared galaxies. Combining our new results with CO(J = 3 → 2) and HCN(J = 1 → 0) measurements from the literature and assuming thermal excitation for all transitions, we find a CO/CN luminosity ratio of 9.3 ± 1.9 and a HCN/CN luminosity ratio of 0.95 ± 0.15. However, we find that the CN(N = 3 → 2) line is likely only subthermally excited, implying that those ratios may only provide upper limits for the intrinsic 1 → 0 line luminosity ratios. We conclude that, in combination with other molecular gas tracers like CO, HCN, and HCO+, CN is an important probe of the physical conditions and chemical composition of dense molecular environments at high redshift." @default.
• W1511204334 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1511204334 date "2007-09-10" @default.
• W1511204334 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W1511204334 title "Detection of Emission from the CN Radical in the Cloverleaf Quasar at z=2.56" @default.
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