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- W151758978 abstract "Water is one of the most important components in biological systems, as biological functions depend completely on water. In green plants, water is an essential structural component of protoplasm and membranes, supplier of H, nutrient solvent, and participant in photosynthesis (Salisbury and Ross, 1985). In higher plants, to which the majority of horticultural crops belong, water is essential for mineral transport and food translocation, transpiration to stabilize plant temperature, and respiration. Seed germination and plant growth, composition, and enzymatic and hormonal functions also depend on water (Crafts, 1968; Gates, 1968; Kirkham, 1990). In the basic step of photosynthesis, for each CO2 molecule reduced, two H2O molecules are oxidized. Thus, each glucose molecule produced by the plant requires 12 H2O molecules. In controlled experiments with vegetable and ornamental crops, photosynthetic rates were greatly reduced and, consequently, plant growth and development retarded when water supply was restricted (Behboudian, 1977; Gates, 1968; Wright and Stark, 1990). The largest amount of water is used for transpiration (Hanks, 1982). Corn, for example, transpires 225 kg of water for each 1 kg of dry matter (shoots, roots, cobs, and seeds) produced (Hanks, 1983). Without irrigation, horticultural crops in major U.S. production areas, especially in western states, could not be produced economi-" @default.
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- W151758978 date "1993-04-01" @default.
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- W151758978 title "Politics of Water Use and Its Effects on Water Research of Horticultural Crops: Introduction to the Colloquium" @default.
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- W151758978 doi "https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.282" @default.
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