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• W1520771473 abstract "Scholars who study the effect of ethnicity on conflict usually refrain from considering different dimensions of ethnicity such as language and religion. In recent years, however, some have argued that conflicts are more likely to occur across religious divisions rather than linguistic ones. Such views are motivated by the presumed stickiness and indivisibility of religious issues on the one hand, and the ease at which economically motivated individuals can acquire new languages on the other hand. Challenging both arguments, we claim that linguistic cleavages are more likely to cause internal conflict than religious distinctions. To account for this difference, we advance a two-step argument. First, as theorists of nationalism tell us, state-building and political legitimacy became highly intertwined with language in the past 200 years. Scripted vernacular languages are the primary medium of modern politics whereas the role of religion remains more contingent. Second, as language has become more politicized in the modern state and a critical marker for access to power and resources, it has become more conflict-prone. We test our hypotheses with a new dataset on intra-group cleavages that records both linguistic and religious sub-group segments of ethnic groups in the Ethnic Power Relations dataset from 1946-2009. Adopting a relational perspective, we measure groups' ethnic differences in relation to the politically predominant ethnic group in each country, thus explicitly focusing on potential conflict-dyads. We find that conflict is much more likely between linguistically distinctive groups than between religiously distinctive ones, even when controlling for political exclusion. Whereas the effect of language differs depending on the world region, as would be expected by our theory, there is no support for the view that Islam is generally more associated with conflict than are other religions." @default.
• W1520771473 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W1520771473 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W1520771473 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1520771473 title "Ethnonationalist Cleavages in Civil Wars: Allah's Wrath or Babel's Legacy?" @default.
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• W1520771473 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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