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• W153173325 abstract "Aristida junciformis subsp. junciformis Trin. et Rupr. is an indigenous, densely tufted,evergreen perennial grass associated with the degeneration of grasslands over largeareas of South Africa. More than two hundred thousand square kilometres of veld, c.17% of the total land area of South Africa, contains A. junciformis. The aim of this studywas to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which this species invades anddominates grassland, specifically in this study, Southern Tall Grassveld.Aristida junciformis also has a low nutritional value resulting in a very low grazing value.The unpalatability of the plant is due to the high tensile strength of the leaves, whosehard, fibrous laminas are very difficult for a grazing animal to crop once their lengthattains 30 cm or more. This species lack of response to conventional grazing practiceshas often resulted in a grassland in which the carrying capacity has diminished to suchan extent as to be virtually useless for grazing in a relatively short time.The extent of encroachment of veld by A. junciformis appears dependant on thefrequency of disturbance and rest afforded to the veld. Annual burning and mowingmaintained the species composition of A. junciformis at levels <10% whilst protectionfrom fire, burning or grazing allows this species to dominate the herbaceous layer atlevels approaching 90%. Aristida junciformis does not become moribund and is unlikelyto die if left undefoliated. As the abundance of A. junciformis increases, velddeterioration gradually accelerates through increased selective grazing on remainingpalatable species. Competition from adult A. junciformis plants increases the mortality of seedlings andconstrains growth of surviving seedlings. Tiller production of Aristida junciformisseedlings declined from an average of 5.2 tillers per seedling in a no competitionsituation to 2.2 tillers per seedling when subjected to full competition. Tiller productionof T. triandra seedlings decreased from 9.6 tillers per seedling free from competition to3.3 tillers per seedling subject to full competition for resources.Once these seedlings have become adult plants they are avoided by grazing animalsand grazing pressure on the remaining palatable species consequently increases. Thisallows the A. junciformis plants to increase their size and density in the sward. Once thisdensity is sufficiently high, grass seedlings of either A. junciformis or more desirablegrass species such as T. triandra are unable to establish, eventually resulting in a monospecific stand of A. junciformis if left undisturbed.Large amounts of caryopses are produced by A. junciformis - up to a 19 000 caryopses from a large mature plant (c. 38 000 caryopses/m²). Of these c. 40% is likely to be infertile but the remaining c. 60% viable caryopses are dispersed in a typicallyleptokurtic distribution, the number of caryopses dispersed rapidly declining within a 10metre radius. A large proportion of the caryopses was trapped in surrounding foliage butin open swards…" @default.
• W153173325 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W153173325 date "1998-01-01" @default.
• W153173325 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W153173325 title "Aspects of the invasion of southern tall grassveld by Aristida junciformis subsp. junciformis Trin. et Rupr." @default.
• W153173325 hasPublicationYear "1998" @default.
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