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• W1535255717 abstract "Tissue Engineering is a very promising research field for the development of naturalbiological substitutes that restore damaged tissue functions. Cells play a crucial rolein tissue regeneration and repair due to their characteristics of proliferation anddifferentiation, cell-to-cell interaction, biomolecular production and extracellular matrixformation. In particular cell migration is a phenomenon that is involved in differentphysiological processes such as morphogenesis, wound healing and new tissuedeposition. In the absence of external guiding factors it is essentially a phenomenonthat shares quite a few analogies with Brownian motion. The presence of biochemicalor biophysical cues, on the other hand, can influence cell migration in terms of speed,direction and persistence, transforming it in a biased random movement. Recentstudies have shown that cells, in particular fibroblasts, are able to recognize themechanical properties of a substratum over which they move and that theseproperties direct the motion through a phenomenon called durotaxis. The aim of thisthesis is to study this phenomenon for a better understanding of cell behaviour indurotaxis conditions and for Tissue Engineering applications. In order to do that, inthe first part of the work a mathematical model for the description of durotaxis ispresented. The model is based on a stochastic differential equation for the cellvelocity which is derived from the Langevin equation: cell movement is affected bytwo forces, namely a deterministic one representing the dissipative effects of thesystem, and a stochastic one which is due to all the probabilistic processes thatmight affect cell motility (random fluctuations in motile sensing, responsemechanisms, etc.). The original contribution of this work concerns the stochasticforce, which has been modified to account for the directions of highest perceivedlocal stiffness through a finite element scheme that reminds the cellular probingmechanism. Numerical simulations of the model provide individual cell tracks thatcan be qualitatively compared with experimental observations. The present model issolved for two important cases that are reported in literature and a comparison withexperimental data obtained on PDMS substrata is presented. The degree ofagreement is satisfactory thus the model could be utilized to quantify relevantparameters of cell migration as a function of substratum mechanical properties.The second part of the work is concerned on the study and development of adurotaxis-based substratum, able to guide cells in their migration and in particular,able to guide cells along straight path. It was proved, in fact, that a relation existbetween the alignment of collagen produced by fibroblasts or others tissue cells andtheir migration. Thus, the idea is to obtain an aligned tissue made of new collagen,giving to the cells the conditions to move along straight-lines through the mechanicalproperties of the substratum. To realize this substratum Polyethylenglycole (PEG)was used. First, smooth PEG was synthesized and cell migration experiments wasperformed over it to better understand its response. Then a specific technique wasdeveloped to produce durotaxis-based PEG substrata, and preliminary experimentsof cell adhesion over it were performed showing aligned adhesion of cells over them." @default.
• W1535255717 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1535255717 creator A5020837526 @default.
• W1535255717 date "2010-03-22" @default.
• W1535255717 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W1535255717 title "DUROTAXIS MODELLING FOR TISSUEENGINEERING APPLICATIONS" @default.
• W1535255717 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
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