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• W1539405721 abstract "The introduction of cardiovascular imaging methods has substantially improved the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of structural and functional abnormalities in numerous cardiac disorders. Chagas disease is still a public health problem in Latin America. (1) Various imaging methods have been evaluated in chagasic patients to analyze their usefulness in the diagnosis, follow-up, as predictors of morbidity and mortality and in the therapeutic outcome of this disease. The aim of the present review is to show the most recent findings, particularly those with Doppler echocardiography, as they are the most numerous. It also briefly reviews its use with nuclear and magnetic resonance techniques. CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION The initial manifestation of Chagas disease can occur in its acute phase and more commonly in its chronic phase. The acute phase may appear with a nonspecific febrile syndrome lasting 2 to 8 weeks, becoming clinically manifest in less than 1% of infected subjects. (2, 3) Acute chagasic myocarditis is infrequent, and appears in only 1% to 5% of patients developing the acute phase (1 to 5 of every 10000 infected subjects). (2) In general, infestation by Reduvvidae bugs passes unnoticed and evolves to the chronic stage various decades later. Subjects with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCM) may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Most investigators combine clinical findings, electrocardiogram (ECG) and presence or absence of cardiomegaly or systolic dysfunction into four groups of increasing cardiac injury (Table 1, Figure 1). Approximately 75% of seropositive subjects are asymptomatic. They are considered to be in the “undetermined” phase of the disease with normal ECG (stage A). ECG abnormalities imply disease progression (stage B). By definition, there is no cardiomegaly or left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in either of these two groups. However, 10% or less of these patients may have LV regional contractile dysfunction. Symptomatic subjects with mild to moderate cardiac injury in NYHA functional class II or III are in stage C, and can present arrhythmias, embolism, sudden death and/or reversible heart failure (HF). (1-8) Most of these patients have an abnormal ECG, a dilated heart and abnormal systolic" @default.
• W1539405721 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W1539405721 creator A5007051063 @default.
• W1539405721 date "2013-01-17" @default.
• W1539405721 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1539405721 title "Imaging Techniques in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Chagas Disease" @default.
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• W1539405721 doi "https://doi.org/10.7775/ajc.81.2.2121" @default.
• W1539405721 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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