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• W1539756906 abstract "ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to examine the labor force participation and wages of individuals with disabilities who have transitioned from facility-based (i.e., sheltered) work to employment in integrated and competitive settings. The investigators had access to data from seven states on the labor force participation and wages of more than 3000 individuals with disabilities who have moved from institutional to community placements over the past two decades. Among the findings: the majority of individuals in these geographically diverse samples were unemployed over time; sheltered employment prepared some individuals for entry into employment in integrated settings and resulted in substantial gains in earned income and reported higher levels of daily living skills. However, the daily life functioning of many individuals who remained in sheltered employment was comparable to that of those who transitioned to integrated employment. Avenues for future research, and legal and policy analysis are discussed. INTRODUCTION A remarkable shift has occurred in the area of disability employment policy and law. In contrast to prior models of charity, compensation, and medical oversight, contemporary employment policies focus on increasing the labor force participation of qualified persons with disabilities and reducing their dependence on governmental entitlement programs. The modern disability civil rights model, as reflected in the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), is aimed at increasing the labor force participation of qualified working age adults with disabilities and preventing discrimination in the workplace. (1) Despite the dramatic change in perspective toward disability civil rights, there is little empirical information documenting the work lives of Americans with disabilities and their segregation from or entry into the contemporary workforce. Of course, this information is necessary for policymakers, courts, and persons with disabilities to assess whether the new disability employment policies are effective. In addition, a more complete perspective is gained when information is gathered from a variety of sources. The purpose of the present investigation is to examine one aspect of disability and employment policy: labor force participation and wages of a large sample of individuals with disabilities who have transitioned from facility-based (i.e., sheltered) work to employment in integrated and competitive settings. The investigators had access to data from seven states on the labor force participation and wages of more than 3000 individuals with disabilities who have moved from institutional to community living settings over the past two decades. The data illustrate how sheltered employment may be an avenue for community integration, self-sufficiency, and economic empowerment. The data were used to address the following research questions: 1. What proportion of individuals sampled who have been deinstitutionalized are in sheltered employment or other types of employment? 2. What are the average wages and hours worked by individuals sampled in sheltered employment compared to peers in integrated employment settings? 3. What proportion of individuals sampled in sheltered employment transition to supported and competitive employment? 4. How does the earned income of individuals sampled who transition from sheltered to competitive employment compare before and after transition? 5. To what extent do other factors, such as age, ethnicity, and functioning level affect labor force participation and wages in sheltered employment and in transitioning to competitive employment? 6. To what extent does individual level of functioning in daily life (e.g., adaptive skills) predict employment in sheltered and integrated settings? The investigation contributes to the examination of the labor force participation of persons with disabilities and related employment policy. …" @default.
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• W1539756906 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W1539756906 title "Labor Force Participation and Income of Individuals with Disabilities in Sheltered and Competitive Employment: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses of Seven States During the 1980s and 1990s" @default.
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