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- W1540537658 abstract "Despite the therapeutic advances in RA that have led to reduced pain, joint destruction and disability, as many as 50% of patients are at risk of death from a cardiovascular event (Maradit-Kremers et al., 2005; Stevens et al., 2005). Inexplicable by the usual traditional risk factors, the accelerated atherosclerosis (Gaonzalez-Gay et al., 2005) has been postulated to result from the increased systemic inflammatory burden of rheumatoid disease (Del Rincon et al., 2001; Gabriel et al., 1999; Kremers & Gabriel, 2006; McEntegart et al., 2001). The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a composite diagnosis, combining phenotypic features that portend an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The syndrome consists of visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose/glucose tolerance test or overt diabetes mellitus (DM) (National Cholesterol Education Program, 2001). Studies have reported the presence of MetS to be associated with an approximate 2fold increased risk for incident cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Lakka et al., 2002), a 2.1 fold increase for initial stroke (Najarian et al., 2006), and 3.5 fold increased risk for Type II DM (Lorenzo et al., 2003). The complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, insulin resistance and inflammation, are all believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of the syndrome. The overall prevalence of MetS in the US population, as evaluated by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), is 23.1%, and increases with age to as high as 44% in those 65 years or older (Ford et al., 2002). Several studies have established an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and increased risk for CVD in RA patients (Dessein et al., 2002a, 2002b). However, there are few reports regarding MetS in RA, and the" @default.
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- W1540537658 date "2012-01-11" @default.
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- W1540537658 title "Association of Cardiovascular Disease with the Metabolic Syndrome in a Predominantly Male Cohort with Rheumatoid Arthritis" @default.
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- W1540537658 doi "https://doi.org/10.5772/26174" @default.
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