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• W1541724883 abstract "THE TRANSATLANTIC DIVIDE: WHY ARE AMERICAN AND BRITISH IPE SO DIFFERENT? * Benjamin J. Cohen An academic field of study may be said to exist when a coherent body of knowledge is constructed to define a subject of inquiry. Recognized standards come to be employed to train and certify specialists; full-time employment opportunities become available in university teaching and research; learned societies are established to promote study and dialogue; and publishing venues become available to help disseminate new ideas and analysis. In short, an institutionalized network of scholars comes into being, a distinct research community with its own boundaries, rewards, and careers. In that sense, the field of International Political Economy (IPE) has existed for less than half a century. IPE, Robert Gilpin once famously suggested, may be defined as “the reciprocal and dynamic interaction in international relations of the pursuit of wealth and the pursuit of power” (Gilpin 1975b: 43). In other words, IPE is about the complex linkages between economic and political activity at the level of international affairs. As a practical matter, such linkages have always existed. As a distinct academic field, however, IPE was born no more than a few decades ago. Prior to the 1970s, in the English-speaking world, economics and political science were treated as entirely different disciplines, each with its own view of international affairs. Relatively few efforts were made to bridge the gap between the two. Exceptions could be found, often quite creative, but mostly among Marxists or others outside the “respectable” mainstream of Western scholarship. A broad-based movement to build bridges between the separate specialties of international economics and international relations (IR) – in effect, to construct the field we now know as IPE -- was really of very recent origin. David Lake (2006) is right in describing the field today as a “true interdiscipline.” But it is hardly a monolith. Beyond an interest in marrying international economics and IR, there is no consensus at all on what, precisely, IPE is about. Once born, the field proceeded to develop along separate paths followed by quite different clusters of scholars. One source describes IPE today as “a notoriously diverse field of study” (Phillips 2005: 69). Another characterizes it, simply, as “schizoid” (Underhill 2000: 806). Globally, the dominant version of IPE (we might even say the hegemonic version) is one that has developed in the United States, where most scholarship tends to hew close to the norms of conventional social science. In the “American school,” priority is given to scientific method – what might be called a pure or hard science model. Analysis is based on the twin principles of positivism and empiricism, which hold that knowledge is best accumulated through an appeal to objective observation and systematic testing. In the words of Stephen Krasner, one of the American school’s leading lights: “International political economy is deeply embedded in the standard methodology of the social sciences which, stripped to its bare bones, simply means stating a proposition and testing it against external evidence” (Krasner 1996: 108-109). Even its * Based on a lecture presented to the inaugural meeting of the International Political Economy Society, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 17 November 2006." @default.
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• W1541724883 title "The Transatlantic Divide: Why are American and British IPE So Different?" @default.
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