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- W1542679360 abstract "Historically, tuberculosis (TB) has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and still remains a major global health problem. It is estimated that 2 billion people are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in approximately 3 million deaths worldwide per year. Among the unique features of this organism is its ability to establish persistent infection, requiring prolonged antibiotic treatment in order to achieve clinical cure. The basic goals of anti-tuberculosis therapy include rapid killing of actively multiplying bacilli, prevention of acquired drug resistance, and sterilization of infected host tissues to prevent clinical relapse. Official guidelines recommend a minimum of 6 months of combination antibiotic therapy in order to achieve these goals. Clinical isolates in geographic areas with a high prevalence of drug resistance should be tested routinely for susceptibility to first-line anti-tuberculosis agents if resources permit, in order to optimally guide therapy (Karakousis 2009). The emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to the first-line drugs isoniazid and rifampicin, and extensively drugresistant TB (XDR-TB), defined as MDR-TB with additional resistance to fluoroquinolones and at least one of the injectable second-line drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin), poses formidable challenges to global TB control efforts. The high global incidence of drug-resistant TB, estimated annually to be ~500,000 cases of MDR-TB of which 5% to 7% represent XDR-TB, underscores the need to understand the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance, with the ultimate goals of developing new techniques for rapid detection of drug resistance and identification of new drug targets." @default.
- W1542679360 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W1542679360 creator A5000064910 @default.
- W1542679360 creator A5059497061 @default.
- W1542679360 date "2012-02-15" @default.
- W1542679360 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W1542679360 title "Old and New TB Drugs: Mechanisms of Action and Resistance" @default.
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